Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Apr;23(5):904-913. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019002799. Epub 2019 Oct 1.
To compare the dietary habits of children living in northern villages and in the capital of Greenland, given the reported transition from traditional to westernised diet in adults over recent decades, and to explore the association between consumption of marine mammals and fish (MMF) and the children's metabolic profile and vitamin D status.
Children answered an FFQ encompassing sixty-four individual food types pooled into six food categories. Their pubertal stage, body fat, fitness level, metabolic profile (non-HDL-cholesterol, glycated Hb, insulin, glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) as well as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration were evaluated.
Siorapaluk and Qaanaaq (north of Greenland) and Nuuk (west).
Children aged 6-18 years (n 177).
MMF were most frequently eaten by children from Siorapaluk (mean (sd): 73·4 (14·1) times/month), followed by children from Qaanaaq (37·0 (25·0) times/month), and least often eaten by children from Nuuk (23·7 (24·6) times/month; P < 0·001). Children from Qaanaaq consumed 'junk food' more frequently (P < 0·001) and fruits and vegetables less frequently (P < 0·01) than children from Nuuk. MMF consumption was positively associated with serum 25(OH)D concentration (P < 0·05), but the overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was high (18 %). No association was found between MMF consumption and metabolic parameters.
The dietary transition and influence of western diets have spread to the north of Greenland and only the most remote place consumed a traditional diet highly based on MMF. We found no strong associations of MMF consumption with metabolic health, but a positive association with vitamin D status.
鉴于近年来格陵兰岛成年人的饮食已从传统向西式转变，我们比较了居住在格陵兰岛北部村庄和首府的儿童的饮食习惯，并探讨了食用海洋哺乳动物和鱼类（MMF）与儿童代谢特征和维生素 D 状况之间的关系。
儿童回答了一份包含 64 种个体食物类型的 FFQ，这些食物类型被归入 6 个食物类别。评估了他们的青春期阶段、体脂、体能水平、代谢特征（非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素、血糖、高敏 C 反应蛋白）以及血清 25-羟维生素 D（25（OH）D）浓度。
Siorapaluk 和 Qaanaaq（格陵兰岛北部）和 Nuuk（格陵兰岛西部）。
年龄在 6-18 岁的儿童（n 177）。
Siorapaluk 的儿童最常食用 MMF（平均（标准差）：73.4（14.1）次/月），其次是 Qaanaaq 的儿童（37.0（25.0）次/月），而 Nuuk 的儿童食用 MMF 的频率最低（23.7（24.6）次/月；P＜0.001）。与 Nuuk 的儿童相比，Qaanaaq 的儿童更常食用“垃圾食品”（P＜0.001），而较少食用水果和蔬菜（P＜0.01）。MMF 的摄入量与血清 25（OH）D 浓度呈正相关（P＜0.05），但维生素 D 缺乏症的总体患病率很高（18%）。未发现 MMF 摄入量与代谢参数之间存在关联。
饮食的转变和西方饮食的影响已蔓延到格陵兰岛北部，只有最偏远的地方才食用以 MMF 为主的传统饮食。我们没有发现 MMF 摄入量与代谢健康之间有很强的关联，但与维生素 D 状况呈正相关。
