Serrano Vicente María Isabel, Fernández Rodrigo María Teresa, Satústegui Dordá Pedro José, Urcola Pardo Fernando
Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Zaragoza. España.
Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad de Zaragoza. Grupo de investigación de Referencia Agua y Salud Ambiental (T51_17R). Zaragoza. España.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2019 Oct 2;93:e201910097.
The increase in violence in the health sector in recent years has had important consequences on the health of workers who have been attacked. This systematic review is proposed, whose objective was to update and systematically review the available scientific literature on the aggressions against workers in the health sector in Spain.
A systematic review of the literature on aggressions to the health care personnel was carried out. The following database were searched: Scielo, Cuidatge, Medline, Cuiden, Scopus, Dialnet, Ibecs, Sciencedirect, Medes, Enfispo, Ibecs, Lilacs, CSIC and Embase databases. All original articles were included until April 2019, published in English or Spanish.
Twenty-three studies were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was good. The aggression that occur tend to follow the same pattern; they are mostly verbal and psychological aggressions, often accompanied by threats. Patients are the main aggressors, to normally doctors and nurses. The main causes are waiting times and delays, rarely the facts are reported or recorded.
There is an increase in the magnitude of the phenomenon in recent years, in most cases the aggressors are men, whereas the aggressed professionals are mostly women. The variability in the records of aggression notifications and in the questionnaires used in the different studies, as well as the subjectivity and interpretation of these facts, make comparison between them difficult.
近年来，卫生部门暴力事件的增加对遭受攻击的工作人员的健康产生了重大影响。本文提出进行这项系统综述，其目的是更新并系统回顾西班牙卫生部门针对工作人员的攻击行为的现有科学文献。
对有关医护人员遭受攻击的文献进行了系统综述。检索了以下数据库：Scielo、Cuidatge、Medline、Cuiden、Scopus、Dialnet、Ibecs、Sciencedirect、Medes、Enfispo、Ibecs、Lilacs、CSIC和Embase数据库。纳入截至2019年4月发表的所有英文或西班牙文原创文章。
纳入了23项研究。纳入研究的方法学质量良好。发生的攻击行为往往遵循相同模式；大多是言语和心理攻击，常伴有威胁。患者是主要攻击者，通常针对医生和护士。主要原因是等待时间和延误，很少有事件被报告或记录。
近年来该现象的规模有所增加，在大多数情况下攻击者为男性，而遭受攻击的专业人员大多为女性。不同研究中攻击行为报告记录和所使用问卷的差异，以及这些事件的主观性和解读方式，使得它们之间难以进行比较。
