School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.
J Med Screen. 2020 Jun;27(2):77-84. doi: 10.1177/0969141319878747. Epub 2019 Oct 3.
Various lifestyle and occupational factors have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, but there is limited research investigating the relationship between these factors and participation in breast cancer screening. This study explores the associations between lifestyle and occupational factors and participation in breast mammography screening among women living in Western Australia.
This study involved 1705 women aged 40 and older who participated as controls in the Breast Cancer Environment and Employment Study conducted in Western Australia. Self-reported questionnaire data were collected on participation in mammography screening, demographic factors, and lifestyle and occupational variables (smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, use of contraceptive pill and hormone replacement therapy, breastfeeding, occupation, and participation in shift work). Multivariate modified Poisson regression was used to identify variables associated with ever participation in breast mammography screening.
Just over 88% of women reported having ever had a mammogram. Likelihood of having ever had a mammogram was higher among women who had ever used hormone replacement therapy (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.07). Women who worked in clerical occupations (aPR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.11) or home duties (aPR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.11) were also more likely to report having ever had a mammogram compared with those in professional or technical occupations.
Participation in mammography screening was found to differ by lifestyle and occupational factors. These results have important implications for public health strategies on improving screening participation.
多种生活方式和职业因素与乳腺癌风险增加相关，但有关这些因素与参与乳腺癌筛查之间关系的研究有限。本研究探讨了生活方式和职业因素与居住在西澳大利亚的女性参与乳房 X 线照片筛查之间的关联。
本研究涉及 1705 名年龄在 40 岁及以上的女性，她们作为对照参与了在西澳大利亚进行的乳腺癌环境和职业研究。通过自我报告问卷调查收集了关于乳房 X 线照片筛查、人口统计学因素以及生活方式和职业变量（吸烟、身体活动、饮酒、体重指数、避孕药和激素替代疗法的使用、母乳喂养、职业和轮班工作参与情况）的数据。采用多变量修正泊松回归来确定与参与乳房 X 线照片筛查相关的变量。
超过 88%的女性报告曾进行过乳房 X 线照片筛查。曾使用激素替代疗法的女性进行过乳房 X 线照片筛查的可能性更高（调整后的患病率比（aPR）=1.05，95%置信区间 1.02-1.07）。从事文书工作（aPR=1.06，95%置信区间 1.01-1.11）或家务工作（aPR=1.05，95%置信区间 1.00-1.11）的女性与从事专业或技术职业的女性相比，也更有可能报告曾进行过乳房 X 线照片筛查。
乳房 X 线照片筛查的参与情况因生活方式和职业因素而异。这些结果对提高筛查参与率的公共卫生策略具有重要意义。
