Sato Takeo, Watanabe Masahiko
Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine.
J Anus Rectum Colon. 2018 May 25;1(1):1-6. doi: 10.23922/jarc.2016-010. eCollection 2017.
Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer has been shown to be less invasive than open surgery, while maintaining a similar safety level in many clinical trials. Furthermore, there are no significant differences between laparoscopic surgery and open surgery with respect to the long-term outcomes in colon cancer. Thus, laparoscopic surgery has been accepted as one of the standard treatments for colon cancer. In addition, laparoscopic surgery has also achieved favorable outcomes in the treatments of rectal cancer, with many reports showing long-term outcomes comparable to those of open surgery. Furthermore, the magnification in laparoscopy improves visualization in the pelvic cavity and facilitates precise manipulation, as well as providing an excellent educational opportunity. Laparoscopic surgery may be an ideal approach for the treatment of rectal cancer and colon cancer. Recently, two trials showed that, among patients with advanced rectal cancer, the use of laparoscopic surgery as compared with open surgery confirmed to meet the criterion for non-inferiority for long-term outcomes. In addition, new techniques such as single-port and robotic surgery have been introduced for laparoscopic surgery in recent years.
在许多临床试验中，腹腔镜结直肠癌手术已被证明比开放手术侵入性更小，同时保持相似的安全水平。此外，在结肠癌的长期预后方面，腹腔镜手术和开放手术之间没有显著差异。因此，腹腔镜手术已被公认为结肠癌的标准治疗方法之一。此外，腹腔镜手术在直肠癌治疗中也取得了良好的效果，许多报告显示其长期预后与开放手术相当。此外，腹腔镜的放大功能改善了盆腔内的视野，便于精确操作，还提供了绝佳的教学机会。腹腔镜手术可能是治疗直肠癌和结肠癌的理想方法。最近，两项试验表明，在晚期直肠癌患者中，与开放手术相比，使用腹腔镜手术在长期预后方面符合非劣效性标准。此外，近年来还为腹腔镜手术引入了单孔和机器人手术等新技术。
