State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Nov;103(21-22):8677-8687. doi: 10.1007/s00253-019-10132-6. Epub 2019 Oct 6.
In the daily diet, sweeteners play an indispensable role. Among them, sucrose, a widely occurring disaccharide in nature, is a commonly used sweetener. However, the intake of sucrose can cause a rapid increase in blood glucose, which leads to a number of health problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for possible alternatives to sucrose. Currently, four naturally occurring sucrose isomers, trehalulose, turanose, leucrose, and isomaltulose are considered to be possible alternatives to sucrose due to their suitable sweetness, potential physiological benefits, and feasible production processes. This review covers the properties of these alternative sweeteners, including their structure, sweetness, hydrolysis rate, toxicology, and cariogenicity, and exhibits their potential applications in chronic diseases management, anti-inflammatory supplement, prebiotic dietary supplement, and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesis of these sucrose isomers using carbohydrate-active enzymes and their industrial production processes are also systematically summarized.
在日常饮食中，甜味剂起着不可或缺的作用。其中，蔗糖是自然界中广泛存在的二糖，是一种常用的甜味剂。然而，蔗糖的摄入会导致血糖迅速升高，从而引发许多健康问题。因此，迫切需要蔗糖的替代品。目前，四种天然存在的蔗糖异构体，海藻糖、曲二糖、莱鲍迪甙 A 和异麦芽酮糖，由于其甜度适宜、潜在的生理益处和可行的生产工艺，被认为是蔗糖的可能替代品。本综述涵盖了这些替代甜味剂的性质，包括它们的结构、甜度、水解速率、毒理学和致龋性，并展示了它们在慢性病管理、抗炎补充剂、益生元膳食补充剂和稳定剂方面的潜在应用。还系统地总结了使用碳水化合物活性酶合成这些蔗糖异构体及其工业生产工艺。
