Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 4;16(19):3748. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193748.
There is a positive association between physical activity (PA) and improved health in older adults. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of meeting recommended levels of PA among older adults with multimorbidity. Data has been derived from the nationally representative Scottish Health Surveys (2014-2017). A sub-sample of 2230 older adults (aged 65+) with multimorbidity were the study participants. Physical activity was evaluated using current recommended guidelines. Overall, 32.3% of the participants met the recommended levels of PA. Independent predictors of meeting the recommended levels of PA include male gender [odds ratio (OR) 2.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58-2.54)], living in the least deprived areas [OR 1.79 (95% CI 1.20-2.69)]; being a non-smoker [OR 2.22 (95% CI 1.48-3. 34)]. Also, meeting recommended PA decreased with age [OR 0.92 (95% CI 0.90-0.94)] and body mass index [OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.95]; but increased per additional portion of fruit and vegetables taken [OR 1.19 (95% CI 1.12-1.25)] and with increase in well-being scale score [OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.06)]. Adherence to PA guidelines seems to be more related to age, BMI, gender (i.e. higher PA adherence in men vs. women), social support (i.e. social deprivation), dietary habits (i.e. fruit and vegetable intake) and social isolation among the elderly. In the one-third of older population, adherence to PA was associated to better mental health. Therefore, adaptation of PA guideline to suit theses determinants factors would reduce the gap difference among older adults with multimorbidity and enhance their mental well-being.
体力活动（PA）与老年人健康改善呈正相关。本研究的目的是评估患有多种疾病的老年人达到推荐 PA 水平的流行率和决定因素。数据来自具有全国代表性的苏格兰健康调查（2014-2017 年）。研究参与者是 2230 名患有多种疾病的老年人（年龄在 65 岁以上）的亚样本。使用当前推荐的指南评估体力活动。总体而言，32.3%的参与者达到了推荐的 PA 水平。达到推荐 PA 水平的独立预测因素包括男性性别[比值比（OR）2.00（95%置信区间（CI）1.58-2.54）]、居住在最不贫困地区[OR 1.79（95% CI 1.20-2.69）]、不吸烟[OR 2.22（95% CI 1.48-3.34）]。此外，随着年龄的增长[OR 0.92（95% CI 0.90-0.94）]和体重指数[OR 0.93（95% CI 0.91-0.95）]，达到推荐 PA 的比例会降低，但每增加一份水果和蔬菜的摄入量[OR 1.19（95% CI 1.12-1.25）]和幸福感量表评分[OR 1.05（95% CI 1.03-1.06）]会增加。PA 指南的遵守似乎更多地与年龄、BMI、性别（即男性比女性更高的 PA 遵守率）、社会支持（即社会贫困）、饮食习惯（即水果和蔬菜摄入）和老年人中的社会隔离有关。在三分之一的老年人群中，PA 依从性与更好的心理健康相关。因此，适应这些决定因素的 PA 指南将缩小患有多种疾病的老年人之间的差距，并提高他们的心理健康。
