Tsai Chia-Liang, Sun H-Sunny, Kuo Yu-Min, Pai Ming-Chyi
Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
J Clin Med. 2019 Oct 7;8(10):1639. doi: 10.3390/jcm8101639.
Nondemented people with a family history of Alzheimer's disease (ADFH) and the ApoE-4 allele have been demonstrated to show a trend for a higher probability of cognitive decline and aberrant levels of cognitive-related biomarkers. However, the potential interactive effects on physical fitness have not been investigated. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether ADFH individuals with the ApoE-4 genotype show deviant brain event-related neural oscillatory performance and cognitively-related molecular indices. A secondary purpose was to examine the interactive effects on physical fitness. Blood samples were provided from 110 individuals with ADFH to assess molecular biomarkers and the ApoE genotype for the purpose of dividing them into an ApoE-4 group ( = 16) and a non-ApoE-4 group ( = 16) in order for them to complete a visuospatial working memory task while simultaneously recording electroencephalographic signals. They also performed a senior functional physical fitness (SFPF) test. While performing the cognitive task, the ApoE-4 relative to non-ApoE-4 group showed worse accuracy rates (ARs) and brain neural oscillatory performance. There were no significant between-group differences with regard to any molecular biomarkers (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, BDNF, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42). VO was significantly correlated with the neuropsychological performance (i.e., ARs and RTs) in the 2-item and 4-item conditions in the ApoE-4 group and across the two groups. However, the electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations during visuospatial working memory processing in the two conditions were not correlated with any SFPF scores or cardiorespiratory tests in the two groups. ADFH individuals with the ApoE-4 genotype only showed deviant neuropsychological (e.g., ARs) and neural oscillatory performance when performing the cognitive task with a higher visuospatial working memory load. Cardiorespiratory fitness potentially played an important role in neuropsychological impairment in this group.
有阿尔茨海默病家族史（ADFH）且携带载脂蛋白E-4（ApoE-4）等位基因的非痴呆人群已被证明呈现出认知能力下降概率更高以及认知相关生物标志物水平异常的趋势。然而，尚未对其在体能方面的潜在交互作用进行研究。本研究的主要目的是确定携带ApoE-4基因型的ADFH个体是否表现出异常的脑事件相关神经振荡表现以及认知相关分子指标。次要目的是研究其在体能方面的交互作用。从110名ADFH个体采集血样以评估分子生物标志物和ApoE基因型，目的是将他们分为ApoE-4组（n = 16）和非ApoE-4组（n = 16），以便他们在完成视觉空间工作记忆任务的同时记录脑电图信号。他们还进行了老年人功能性体能（SFPF）测试。在执行认知任务时，ApoE-4组相对于非ApoE-4组表现出更低的准确率（ARs）和脑神经网络振荡表现。在任何分子生物标志物（如白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-8、脑源性神经营养因子、β淀粉样蛋白1-40、β淀粉样蛋白1-42）方面，两组之间均无显著差异。在ApoE-4组以及两组中，2项和4项条件下的摄氧量（VO）与神经心理学表现（即准确率和反应时间）显著相关。然而，两组在两种条件下视觉空间工作记忆处理过程中的脑电图（EEG）振荡与任何SFPF分数或心肺测试均无相关性。携带ApoE-4基因型的ADFH个体仅在执行具有较高视觉空间工作记忆负荷的认知任务时表现出异常的神经心理学（如准确率）和神经振荡表现。心肺适能可能在该组神经心理学损伤中发挥重要作用。
