Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Ensenada, Baja California, México.
University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Glasgow, UK.
Microbiology (Reading). 2019 Nov;165(11):1169-1180. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.000845.
Polar and subpolar ecosystems are highly vulnerable to global climate change with consequences for biodiversity and community composition. Bacteria are directly impacted by future environmental change and it is therefore essential to have a better understanding of microbial communities in fluctuating ecosystems. Exploration of Polar environments, specifically sediments, represents an exciting opportunity to uncover bacterial and chemical diversity and link this to ecosystem and evolutionary parameters. In terms of specialized metabolite production, the bacterial order , within the phylum are unsurpassed, producing 10 000 specialized metabolites accounting for over 45 % of all bioactive microbial metabolites. A selective isolation approach focused on spore-forming of 12 sediment cores from the Antarctic and sub-Arctic generated a culture collection of 50 strains. This consisted of 39 strains belonging to rare genera including and . This study used a combination of nanopore sequencing and molecular networking to explore the community composition, culturable bacterial diversity, evolutionary relatedness and specialized metabolite potential of these strains. Metagenomic analyses using MinION sequencing was able to detect the phylum across polar sediment cores at an average of 13 % of the total bacterial reads. The resulting molecular network consisted of 1652 parent ions and the lack of known metabolite identification supports the argument that Polar bacteria are likely to produce previously unreported chemistry.
极地和亚极地生态系统极易受到全球气候变化的影响，从而对生物多样性和群落结构产生影响。细菌直接受到未来环境变化的影响，因此，必须更好地了解处于波动状态的生态系统中的微生物群落。探索极地环境，特别是沉积物，是一个发现细菌和化学多样性的绝佳机会，并将其与生态系统和进化参数联系起来。就特种代谢产物的生产而言，在门 中，细菌目 是无与伦比的，它产生了 10000 种特种代谢产物，占所有生物活性微生物代谢产物的 45%以上。一种选择性的分离方法，主要针对南极和亚北极地区 12 个沉积物岩芯中的芽孢杆菌进行，从中生成了一个包含 50 株菌的培养物集合。其中包括 39 株属于罕见属的菌株，包括 和 。本研究结合纳米孔测序和分子网络技术，探索了这些菌株的群落组成、可培养细菌多样性、进化关系和特种代谢产物潜力。使用 MinION 测序进行的宏基因组分析能够在极地沉积物岩芯中平均检测到 13%的总细菌读数的门 。由此产生的分子网络由 1652 个母离子组成，缺乏已知代谢产物的鉴定支持了这样一种观点，即极地细菌可能产生以前未报道过的化学物质。
