State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; email:
Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
Annu Rev Entomol. 2020 Jan 7;65:273-292. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-011019-025039. Epub 2019 Oct 8.
With 20% of the world's population but just 7% of the arable land, China has invested heavily in crop biotechnology to increase agricultural productivity. We examine research on insect-resistant genetically engineered (IRGE) crops in China, including strategies to promote their sustainable use. IRGE cotton, rice, and corn lines have been developed and proven efficacious for controlling lepidopteran crop pests. Ecological impact studies have demonstrated conservation of natural enemies of crop pests and halo suppression of crop-pest populations on a local scale. Economic, social, and human health effects are largely positive and, in the case of cotton, have proven sustainable over 20 years of commercial production. Wider adoption of IRGE crops in China is constrained by relatively limited innovation capacity, public misperception, and regulatory inaction, suggesting the need for further financial investment in innovation and greater scientific engagement with the public. The Chinese experience with cotton might inform adoption of other crops in China and other developing countries.
中国拥有世界 20%的人口，却只有 7%的可耕地，因此大力投资作物生物技术以提高农业生产力。我们研究了中国的抗虫转基因作物研究，包括促进其可持续使用的策略。已经开发出了抗虫的转基因棉花、水稻和玉米品系，并已证明它们在控制鳞翅目作物害虫方面是有效的。生态影响研究表明，在局部范围内，自然天敌的保护和对作物害虫种群的光环抑制作用得到了维持。经济、社会和人类健康的影响在很大程度上是积极的，就棉花而言，在 20 多年的商业生产中已经被证明是可持续的。抗虫转基因作物在中国的广泛采用受到相对有限的创新能力、公众误解和监管不作为的限制，这表明需要进一步投资于创新，并加强与公众的科学交流。中国在棉花方面的经验可能为中国和其他发展中国家采用其他作物提供参考。
