Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 9;14(10):e0223676. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223676. eCollection 2019.
One hundred and twenty dogs were enrolled to value the effect of loading condition changes on left ventricular volumes before and 24-hours after the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occlusion by Amplatzer Canine Duct Occluder (ACDO) using standard echocardiography. The animals were divided in pure breed (n. 94) and mixed breed (n. 26); subsequently, the pure breed dogs were divided on the basis of the size of the breed of belonging in 3 groups (small size n. 36; medium size n. 8; large size n. 50). Moreover, the animals were divided in three classes based on their age: until 6 months; 6-12 months; over 12 months. A significant reduction of all the examined parameters (left ventricle internal diameter at end-diastole-LVIDd; left ventricle internal diameter at end-systole-LVIDs; end-diastolic volume-EDV; end-systolic volume-ESV; end-diastolic volume index-EDVI; end-systolic volume index-ESVI; fractional shortening-FS) was observed after ductal closure. Twenty-four hours after the closure, the evaluation of the relative percentage difference (RPD) of the echocardiographic parameters showed a significant reduction, higher in small size breed than in large size breed dogs. No significant difference related to breed size was observed only for RPD_FS variable. A significant interaction effect, between breed size and age classes, was observed only for RPD_EDVI (F = 3.39; p = 0.039). Until six months of age there was no significant difference in RPD_EDVI reduction, but over 6 months a significant reduction between small size and large size breed dogs at 24-hours from the occlusion was observed. In conclusion, our data seem to indicate that small breed dogs show a greater tolerance to congenital volume overload than large breed dogs, and this finding could be justify a delay of PDA closure in order to simplify the interventional procedure.
一百二十只狗被纳入研究，以评估使用 Amplatzer 犬动脉导管未闭封堵器（ACDO）在动脉导管未闭（PDA）封堵前后 24 小时对左心室容积的加载条件变化的影响。这些动物被分为纯种（n=94）和杂种（n=26）；随后，根据所属于的品种大小，纯种狗被分为 3 组（小型 n=36；中型 n=8；大型 n=50）。此外，这些动物还根据年龄分为 3 个等级：6 个月以下；6-12 个月；12 个月以上。导管闭合后，所有检查参数（左心室舒张末期内径-LVIDd；左心室收缩末期内径-LVIDs；舒张末期容积-EDV；收缩末期容积-ESV；舒张末期容积指数-EDVI；收缩末期容积指数-ESVI；缩短分数-FS）均显著降低。闭合后 24 小时，对超声心动图参数的相对百分比差异（RPD）进行评估，结果显示，小型犬的降幅显著高于大型犬。仅 RPD_FS 变量观察到与品种大小无关的显著差异。仅 RPD_EDVI 观察到品种大小和年龄等级之间的显著交互效应（F=3.39；p=0.039）。6 个月以下时，RPD_EDVI 降低无显著差异，但 6 个月以上时，闭合后 24 小时，小型犬与大型犬之间的 RPD_EDVI 降低有显著差异。总之，我们的数据似乎表明，小型犬比大型犬对先天性容量超负荷有更大的耐受性，这一发现可能证明在介入治疗中延迟 PDA 闭合是合理的。
