Rodríguez-Morales Olivia, Roldán Francisco-Javier, Vargas-Barrón Jesús, Parra-Benítez Enrique, Medina-García María de Lourdes, Vergara-Bello Emilia, Arce-Fonseca Minerva
Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Department of Echocardiography, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Apr 9;10(4):648. doi: 10.3390/ani10040648.
Chagas disease (ChD) is considered an emerging disease in the USA and Europe. genes encoding a -sialidase protein and an amastigote-specific glycoprotein were tested as vaccines in canine model. The aim for this study was determining the prophylactic effect of these genes in experimentally infected dogs by echocardiography evaluation to compare with our findings obtained by other techniques published previously. Low fractional-shortening values of non-vaccinated dogs suggested an impairment in general cardiac function. Low left ventricular ejection fraction values found in infected dogs suggested myocardial injury regardless of whether they were vaccinated. Low left ventricular diastolic/systolic diameters suggested that progressive heart damage or heart dilation could be prevented by DNA vaccination. Systolic peak time was higher in non-vaccinated groups, increasing vulnerability to malignant arrhythmias and sudden death. High left ventricular volume suggested a decrease in wall thickness that might lead to increased size of the heart cavity, except in the pBCSP plasmid-vaccinated dogs. There was an echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular dilation and reduction in systolic function in experimental chagasic dogs. Echocardiography allowed a more complete follow-up of the pathological process in the living patient than with other techniques like electrocardiography, anatomopathology, and histopathology, being the method of choice for characterizing the clinical stages of ChD.
恰加斯病（ChD）在美国和欧洲被视为一种新发疾病。编码α-唾液酸酶蛋白和无鞭毛体特异性糖蛋白的基因在犬类模型中作为疫苗进行了测试。本研究的目的是通过超声心动图评估确定这些基因在实验感染犬中的预防效果，并与我们之前发表的其他技术所获得的结果进行比较。未接种疫苗的犬的低缩短分数值表明总体心脏功能受损。在感染犬中发现的低左心室射血分数值表明存在心肌损伤，无论它们是否接种了疫苗。低左心室舒张/收缩直径表明DNA疫苗接种可预防进行性心脏损伤或心脏扩张。未接种疫苗组的收缩期峰值时间更高，增加了发生恶性心律失常和猝死的易感性。高左心室容积表明壁厚度减小，这可能导致心腔增大，但接种pBCSP质粒疫苗的犬除外。在实验性恰加斯病犬中，有超声心动图证据表明存在左心室扩张和收缩功能降低。与心电图、解剖病理学和组织病理学等其他技术相比，超声心动图能够对活体患者的病理过程进行更全面的随访，是表征恰加斯病临床阶段的首选方法。
