Mohseny Maryam, Zamani Zahra, Akhondzadeh Basti Shahin, Sohrabi Mohammad-Reza, Najafi Ali, Zebardast Jayran, Tajdini Farzad
Department of Community Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2019 Jul;14(3):211-220.
Bullying and victimization are common and serious problems in schools resulting in development of emotional and behavioral disorders in adolescents. This study aimed at examining the prevalence of bullying behavior and some of its associated factors among students. This was a cross sectional analytic study involving junior high schoolers in grades seven, eight and nine. This study was part of an international study that used a questionnaire as a tool for data collection. The questionnaire investigated some of the characteristics and qualities possessed by most juveniles and some occasional problems which they may experience. Also, it was used to examine participants' experiences with bullying and victimization. This questionnaire comprised of 15 sections on demographic characteristics, individual health, family status and types of bullying experiences at school and outside of school, along with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), which is an instrument for screening emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents. A multistage cluster sampling from five regions, consisting of the north, south, west, east, and central regions of Tehran, was conducted and 1456 questionnaires were completed by the students. According to the results of this study, prevalence rate for bullying and victimization was 17.4% and 25.8%, respectively. The results indicated that gender had a significant relationship with bullying and victimization, with boys being more likely to be bullies and also more prone to victimization than girls (p < 0.001). Other parameters such as emotional, behavioral, and environmental influence also had a significant relationship with bullying and victimization. Bullying is more prevalent in boys than in girls, and boys are more likely to be victimized as well. Emotional and behavioral problems are identified as risk factors, and future interventions should focus on these risk factors to develop preventive measures.
欺凌和受欺负是学校中常见且严重的问题，会导致青少年出现情绪和行为障碍。本研究旨在调查学生中欺凌行为的发生率及其一些相关因素。 这是一项横断面分析研究，涉及七年级、八年级和九年级的初中生。本研究是一项国际研究的一部分，该研究使用问卷作为数据收集工具。该问卷调查了大多数青少年所具备的一些特征和品质以及他们可能遇到的一些偶尔出现的问题。此外，它还用于调查参与者的欺凌和受欺负经历。该问卷包括15个部分，涉及人口统计学特征、个人健康、家庭状况以及在学校内外的欺凌经历类型，以及长处和困难问卷（SDQ），这是一种用于筛查儿童和青少年情绪和行为问题的工具。从德黑兰的五个地区（包括北部、南部、西部、东部和中部地区）进行了多阶段整群抽样，学生们完成了1456份问卷。根据本研究结果，欺凌和受欺负的发生率分别为17.4%和25.8%。结果表明，性别与欺凌和受欺负有显著关系，男孩比女孩更有可能成为欺凌者，也更容易成为受害者（p < 0.001）。其他参数，如情绪、行为和环境影响，也与欺凌和受欺负有显著关系。欺凌在男孩中比在女孩中更普遍，男孩也更有可能成为受害者。情绪和行为问题被确定为风险因素，未来的干预措施应侧重于这些风险因素以制定预防措施。
