Quinn Paul C, Bhatt Ramesh S
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Vis cogn. 2018;26(7):518-529. doi: 10.1080/13506285.2018.1505794. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
Adult perceivers segregate figure from ground based on image cues such as small size and main axis orientation. The current study examined whether infants can use such cues to perceive figure-ground segregation. Three- to 7-month-olds were familiarized with a pie-shaped stimulus in which some pieces formed a + and other pieces formed an x. The infants were then presented with a novelty preference test pairing the + and x. The bases for the pieces forming the + or x were size and orientation (Experiment 1), size (Experiment 2), and orientation (Experiment 3). In each experiment, infants responded as if they recognized as familiar the shape specified by small size, main axis orientation, or their combination. Control conditions showed that infant performance could not be attributed to spontaneous preference. The findings suggest that infants can achieve figure-ground segregation based on some of the same cues used by adults.
成年感知者根据诸如小尺寸和主轴方向等图像线索将图形与背景区分开来。当前的研究考察了婴儿是否能够利用这些线索来感知图形-背景分离。3至7个月大的婴儿熟悉了一个扇形刺激物，其中一些部分组成了一个“+”，其他部分组成了一个“x”。然后，向婴儿呈现一个将“+”和“x”配对的新奇偏好测试。组成“+”或“x”的部分的依据是尺寸和方向（实验1）、尺寸（实验2）以及方向（实验3）。在每个实验中，婴儿的反应就好像他们认出了由小尺寸、主轴方向或它们的组合所指定的熟悉形状。控制条件表明婴儿的表现不能归因于自发偏好。研究结果表明，婴儿可以基于成年人使用的一些相同线索来实现图形-背景分离。
