Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
University of Strathclyde, Centre for Health Policy, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
BMC Cancer. 2019 Oct 11;19(1):943. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-6181-4.
A cancer diagnosis can have a substantial impact on mental health and wellbeing. Depression and anxiety may hinder cancer treatment and recovery, as well as quality of life and survival. We argue that more research is needed to prevent and treat co-morbid depression and anxiety among people with cancer and that it requires greater clinical priority. For background and to support our argument, we synthesise existing systematic reviews relating to cancer and common mental disorders, focusing on depression and anxiety. We searched several electronic databases for relevant reviews on cancer, depression and anxiety from 2012 to 2019. Several areas are covered: factors that may contribute to the development of common mental disorders among people with cancer; the prevalence of depression and anxiety; and potential care and treatment options. We also make several recommendations for future research. Numerous individual, psychological, social and contextual factors potentially contribute to the development of depression and anxiety among people with cancer, as well as characteristics related to the cancer and treatment received. Compared to the general population, the prevalence of depression and anxiety is often found to be higher among people with cancer, but estimates vary due to several factors, such as the treatment setting, type of cancer and time since diagnosis. Overall, there are a lack of high-quality studies into the mental health of people with cancer following treatment and among long-term survivors, particularly for the less prevalent cancer types and younger people. Studies that focus on prevention are minimal and research covering low- and middle-income populations is limited.
Research is urgently needed into the possible impacts of long-term and late effects of cancer treatment on mental health and how these may be prevented, as increasing numbers of people live with and beyond cancer.
癌症诊断可能对心理健康和幸福感产生重大影响。抑郁和焦虑可能会阻碍癌症的治疗和康复，以及生活质量和生存率。我们认为，需要更多的研究来预防和治疗癌症患者的共病性抑郁和焦虑，并且需要给予更大的临床重视。为此，我们综合了现有的与癌症和常见精神障碍相关的系统评价，重点关注抑郁和焦虑。我们从 2012 年到 2019 年在多个电子数据库中搜索了有关癌症、抑郁和焦虑的相关综述。涵盖了以下几个方面：可能导致癌症患者出现常见精神障碍的因素；抑郁和焦虑的患病率；以及潜在的护理和治疗选择。我们还为未来的研究提出了一些建议。许多个体、心理、社会和环境因素可能导致癌症患者出现抑郁和焦虑，以及与癌症和治疗相关的特征。与一般人群相比，癌症患者的抑郁和焦虑患病率往往更高，但由于治疗环境、癌症类型和诊断后时间等多种因素，估计值有所不同。总体而言，缺乏对癌症治疗后和长期幸存者心理健康的高质量研究，特别是针对较不常见的癌症类型和年轻人。关注预防的研究很少，涵盖中低收入人群的研究也很有限。
迫切需要研究癌症治疗的长期和晚期影响对心理健康的可能影响，以及如何预防这些影响，因为越来越多的人患有癌症并幸存下来。
