青少年早期越野滑雪者哮喘和呼吸道症状的患病率。
The Prevalence of Asthma and Respiratory Symptoms among Cross-Country Skiers in Early Adolescence.
机构信息
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Östersund, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Science, Paediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
出版信息
Can Respir J. 2019 Sep 15;2019:1514353. doi: 10.1155/2019/1514353. eCollection 2019.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms among Swedish cross-country skiers in early adolescence in comparison to a population-based reference group of similar ages.
METHODS
A postal questionnaire on asthma, asthma medication, allergy, respiratory symptoms, and physical activity was distributed to Swedish competitive cross-country skiers aged 12-15 years ( = 331) and a population-based reference group ( = 1000). The level of asthma control was measured by the Asthma Control Test.
RESULTS
The response rate was 27% ( = 87) among skiers and 29% ( = 292) in the reference group. The prevalence of self-reported asthma (physician-diagnosed asthma and use of asthma medication in the last 12 months) and the prevalence of reported wheezing during the last 12 months were 23% and 25%, respectively, among skiers, which were significantly higher than the values reported in the reference group (12% and 14%). Skiers exercised more hours/week than the reference group. Among adolescents with self-reported asthma, neither the usage of asthma medications nor the level of asthma control according to the Asthma Control Test differed between skiers and the reference group.
CONCLUSIONS
Adolescent competitive cross-country skiers have an increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and asthma compared to nonskiers.
目的
与年龄相仿的基于人群的参考组相比，确定青少年早期瑞典越野滑雪运动员中哮喘和呼吸道症状的患病率。
方法
向年龄在 12-15 岁的瑞典竞技越野滑雪运动员（n=331）和基于人群的参考组（n=1000）邮寄了一份关于哮喘、哮喘药物、过敏、呼吸道症状和身体活动的调查问卷。哮喘控制水平通过哮喘控制测试进行测量。
结果
在滑雪运动员中，应答率为 27%（n=87），在参考组中为 29%（n=292）。报告的哮喘（经医生诊断的哮喘和过去 12 个月中使用哮喘药物）和过去 12 个月中报告的喘息的患病率分别为 23%和 25%，均明显高于参考组的报告值（12%和 14%）。滑雪运动员每周的运动时间比参考组多。在报告有哮喘的青少年中，根据哮喘控制测试，哮喘药物的使用情况和哮喘控制水平在滑雪运动员和参考组之间没有差异。
结论
与非滑雪者相比，青少年竞技越野滑雪运动员有更高的呼吸道症状和哮喘患病率。
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