Faustino Bruno, Branco Vasco António, Oliveira Jorge, Lopes Paulo, Fonseca Isabel
Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida da, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal.
Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2021 Sep-Oct;28(5):596-606. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1671843. Epub 2019 Oct 24.
Metacognition is a higher-order psychological construct that has been conceptualized as the ability to identify and describe mental states, beliefs, and intentions of self and others. The Metacognition Self-Assessment Scale (MSAS), was developed to assess different functions of metacognition, being a potential asset in fields such as psychotherapy and clinical neuropsychology. However, a reliability and validity study is still lacking, as well, the study with other related metacognitive constructs. This research describes the psychometric analysis of the MSAS in a cross-sectional design and the study of the relationship between metacognitive functions, meta-beliefs and cognitive fusion. The sample comprised 194 participants from the general population (76% women), with an average age of 32 years old. Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach alpha, test-retest, and validity procedures through bivariate correlations with convergent/divergent measures were conducted. The scale showed satisfactory psychometric properties with good internal consistency along with appropriate convergent/divergent validity. Metacognition and cognitive fusion were negatively correlated, while negative meta-beliefs and mastery predicted the variance of cognitive fusion. Decentering-differentiation factor correlated negatively with cognitive fusion and personal discomfort. These results suggest that MSAS may be a reliable tool to assess metacognition in the Portuguese population. Clinical implications are discussed.
元认知是一种高阶心理结构，被概念化为识别和描述自我及他人心理状态、信念和意图的能力。元认知自我评估量表（MSAS）旨在评估元认知的不同功能，在心理治疗和临床神经心理学等领域具有潜在价值。然而，目前仍缺乏对其信效度的研究，以及与其他相关元认知结构的研究。本研究描述了在横断面设计中对MSAS的心理测量分析，以及元认知功能、元信念与认知融合之间关系的研究。样本包括194名来自普通人群的参与者（76%为女性），平均年龄32岁。通过探索性因素分析、克朗巴哈α系数、重测法以及与收敛/发散测量的双变量相关性进行效度检验。该量表显示出令人满意的心理测量特性，具有良好的内部一致性以及适当的收敛/发散效度。元认知与认知融合呈负相关，而消极元信念和掌控感可预测认知融合的方差。去中心化-分化因子与认知融合和个人不适感呈负相关。这些结果表明，MSAS可能是评估葡萄牙人群元认知的可靠工具。文中还讨论了其临床意义。
