Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Health Professions, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
University of Lyon, IFSTTAR, TS2 LESCOT, Lyon, France.
Exp Gerontol. 2019 Dec;128:110756. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110756. Epub 2019 Oct 22.
The aims of this systematic review were to investigate (1) real-time brain activity during DT gait and balance, (2) whether changes in brain activity correlate with changes in behavioral outcomes in older adults and people with age-related neurodegenerative conditions. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched from 2009 to 2019 using the keywords dual task, brain activity, gait, balance, aging, neurodegeneration, and other related search terms. A total of 15 articles were included in this review. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalogram measures demonstrated that older adults had higher brain activity, particularly in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), compared to young adults during dual task gait and balance. Similar neurophysiological results were observed in people with age-related neurodegenerative conditions. Few studies demonstrated a relationship between increased brain activity and better behavioral outcomes. This systematic review supports the notion that aging and age-related neurodegenerative conditions are associated with neuronal network changes, resulting in increased brain activity specifically in the PFC. Further studies are warranted to assess the relationship between increased PFC activation during dual task gait and balance and behavioral outcomes to better optimize the rehabilitation interventions.
(1) 双重任务步态和平衡时的实时大脑活动；(2) 大脑活动的变化是否与老年人和与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病患者的行为结果变化相关。使用“双重任务、大脑活动、步态、平衡、衰老、神经退行性变”等关键词以及其他相关搜索词，在 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 上搜索了 2009 年至 2019 年的文献。共纳入了 15 篇文章。功能性近红外光谱和脑电图测量表明，与年轻人相比，老年人在双重任务步态和平衡时大脑活动更高，特别是在前额叶皮层（PFC）。在与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病患者中也观察到了类似的神经生理学结果。很少有研究表明大脑活动增加与更好的行为结果之间存在关系。本系统评价支持以下观点，即衰老和与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病与神经元网络变化有关，导致特定于 PFC 的大脑活动增加。需要进一步的研究来评估双重任务步态和平衡时 PFC 激活增加与行为结果之间的关系，以更好地优化康复干预措施。
