Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
Br J Pharmacol. 2020 Mar;177(6):1351-1362. doi: 10.1111/bph.14902. Epub 2020 Jan 3.
As our knowledge of the various roles of the gut microbiota in the maintenance of homeostasis grows and as we learn how a disrupted microbiota may contribute to disease, therapeutic strategies that target our microbial fellow-travellers become ever more attractive. Most appealing are those interventions that seek to modify or supplement our diet through the addition of nutraceuticals. We now know that our diet, whether in the short or long term, is a major modifier of microbiota composition and function. Of the various nutraceuticals, two categories, prebiotics and probiotics, have received the greatest attention in basic research and product development. While our understanding of the impacts of prebiotics and probiotics on the indigenous microbiota and host biology have been described in great detail in vitro and in animal models, the clinical literature leaves much to be desired. While many claims have been made, few are supported by high quality clinical trials. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
随着我们对肠道微生物群在维持体内平衡中的各种作用的认识不断增加，并且随着我们了解到失调的微生物群如何导致疾病，针对我们微生物伙伴的治疗策略变得越来越有吸引力。最吸引人的是那些试图通过添加营养保健品来改变或补充我们饮食的干预措施。我们现在知道，我们的饮食无论是短期还是长期，都是微生物群落组成和功能的主要调节剂。在各种营养保健品中，有两类——益生元和益生菌——在基础研究和产品开发中受到了最大的关注。虽然我们对益生元和益生菌对本土微生物群和宿主生物学的影响的理解在体外和动物模型中已经有了详细的描述，但临床文献还有很多不足之处。虽然有很多说法，但很少有高质量的临床试验支持。相关文章：本文是营养药理学专题的一部分。要查看本部分中的其他文章，请访问 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
