Cai Yang, Folkerts Jelle, Folkerts Gert, Maurer Marcus, Braber Saskia
Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Br J Pharmacol. 2020 Mar;177(6):1363-1381. doi: 10.1111/bph.14871. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
Dietary fibre, such as indigestible oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, occurs in many foods and has gained considerable importance related to its beneficial effects on host health and specific diseases. Dietary fibre is neither digested nor absorbed in the small intestine and modulates the composition of the gut microbiota. New evidence indicates that dietary fibre also interacts directly with the epithelium and immune cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract by microbiota-independent effects. This review focuses on how dietary fibre improves human health and the reported health benefits that are connected to molecular pathways, in (a) a microbiota-independent manner, via interaction with specific surface receptors on epithelial and immune cells regulating intestinal barrier and immune function, and (b) a microbiota-dependent manner via maintaining intestinal homeostasis by promoting beneficial microbes, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, limiting the growth, adhesion, and cytotoxicity of pathogenic microbes, as well as stimulating fibre-derived microbial short-chain fatty acid production. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
膳食纤维，如难以消化的低聚糖和多糖，存在于许多食物中，并且由于其对宿主健康和特定疾病的有益作用而变得相当重要。膳食纤维在小肠中既不被消化也不被吸收，并调节肠道微生物群的组成。新证据表明，膳食纤维还通过微生物群非依赖效应与整个胃肠道的上皮细胞和免疫细胞直接相互作用。本综述重点关注膳食纤维如何改善人类健康，以及所报道的与分子途径相关的健康益处，这些益处包括：（a）通过与上皮细胞和免疫细胞上的特定表面受体相互作用来调节肠道屏障和免疫功能，以微生物群非依赖的方式；（b）通过促进包括双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌在内的有益微生物、限制致病微生物的生长、黏附和细胞毒性以及刺激纤维衍生的微生物短链脂肪酸产生来维持肠道稳态，以微生物群依赖的方式。相关文章：本文是营养保健品药理学主题部分的一部分。要查看本部分的其他文章，请访问http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc。
