Bailey Ryan R
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.
Am J Lifestyle Med. 2017 Sep 13;13(6):615-618. doi: 10.1177/1559827617729634. eCollection 2019 Nov-Dec.
Health behavior change is challenging for most individuals, but there are many strategies that individuals can use to facilitate their behavior change efforts. Goal setting is one such strategy that assists individuals to identify specific behaviors to change and how to go about doing so. For many, however, simply setting a goal seldom leads to actual behavior change. For some, identifying an appropriate goal is difficult, while for others, putting goals into action is the roadblock. Two strategies may be of assistance for setting and achieving goals. First, consideration of key goal characteristics (eg, approach vs avoidance goals, performance vs mastery goals, level of difficulty) may result in selection of more appropriate and feasible goals. Second, action planning can help individuals put goals into action. Clinicians can help patients utilize these strategies to set and achieve goals for health behavior change.
健康行为改变对大多数人来说具有挑战性，但有许多策略可供个人用来促进他们的行为改变努力。目标设定就是这样一种策略，它帮助个人确定要改变的具体行为以及如何去做。然而，对许多人来说，仅仅设定一个目标很少会导致实际的行为改变。对一些人来说，确定一个合适的目标很困难，而对另一些人来说，将目标付诸行动才是障碍。有两种策略可能有助于设定和实现目标。首先，考虑关键的目标特征（例如，趋近目标与回避目标、成绩目标与掌握目标、难度水平）可能会导致选择更合适、更可行的目标。其次，行动计划可以帮助个人将目标付诸行动。临床医生可以帮助患者利用这些策略来设定和实现健康行为改变的目标。
