Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre on Chemical Processes Engineering and Forest Products (CIEPQF), University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Microbiol Immunol. 2020 Jul;64(7):477-492. doi: 10.1111/1348-0421.12753. Epub 2020 Jun 9.
Oncolytic viruses are biologic agents able to selectively infect and destroy cancer cells while sparing the normal ones. Furthermore, they also stimulate the host immune system to combat the tumor growth and to promote tumor removal. This review thoroughly describes different types of viruses developed for targeting specific cancers, as well as the strategies to improve the efficacy and safety of oncolytic virotherapy. It also explores how their potential as anticancer agents may be enhanced through combination with other traditional therapies, such as chemotherapy or more recent approaches, such as checkpoint inhibitors. There are many oncolytic viruses currently being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of various types of cancer, suggesting that this approach could become the near future of the oncology field.
溶瘤病毒是一种能够选择性感染和破坏癌细胞而不伤害正常细胞的生物制剂。此外，它们还能刺激宿主免疫系统对抗肿瘤生长并促进肿瘤清除。本文全面描述了为针对特定癌症而开发的不同类型的病毒，以及提高溶瘤病毒疗法疗效和安全性的策略。还探讨了如何通过与其他传统疗法（如化疗）或更近期的方法（如检查点抑制剂）相结合，来增强它们作为抗癌药物的潜力。目前有许多溶瘤病毒正在临床试验中用于治疗各种类型的癌症，这表明这种方法可能成为肿瘤学领域的未来。
