J Sport Rehabil. 2019 Aug 1;28(6):606-613. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2017-0292.
Understanding how neuromuscular and biomechanical deficits that are associated with knee injuries change as youth mature may improve injury prevention strategies in this population.
To investigate sex and maturation differences in jump-landing technique performance in youths using a practical clinical tool.
Cross-sectional study.
High Performance Center Laboratory.
A total of 165 youth athletes were included in this study.
The main outcome measures were each of the 10 items of the modified tuck jump assessment and the total score. These measures include (1) knee valgus at landing, (2) thighs do not reach parallel, (3) thighs not equal side to side, (4) foot placement not shoulder width apart, (5) foot placement not parallel, (6) foot contact timing not equal, (7) excessive landing contact noise, (8) pause between jumps, (9) technique declines prior to 10 seconds, and (10) does not land in same footprint.
Only knee valgus at landing had a significant sex × maturation interaction. The main effect of maturation was significant for items 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, and total score. Plyometric technique performance improved with increasing maturation. The main effect of sex was significant for items 1 and 9, with males performing better than females.
Female athletes demonstrate increased knee valgus at landing and fatigue relative to males during jump-landing performance. Overall, there was a trend of improved jump-landing performance with maturation.
了解与膝关节损伤相关的神经肌肉和生物力学缺陷在青少年成熟过程中是如何变化的，可能会改善该人群的损伤预防策略。
使用实用的临床工具研究青少年跳跃着地技术表现的性别和成熟差异。
横断面研究。
高性能中心实验室。
共有 165 名青年运动员参与了这项研究。
主要观察指标是改良抱膝跳评估的 10 项中的每一项和总分。这些措施包括：（1）着地时的膝外翻，（2）大腿未达到平行，（3）大腿两侧不对称，（4）脚未放置在肩宽处，（5）脚未平行放置，（6）脚接触时间不均匀，（7）着地时接触噪音过大，（8）跳跃之间停顿，（9）在 10 秒前技术下降，以及（10）未落在同一足迹上。
只有在着地时的膝外翻存在显著的性别×成熟交互作用。成熟的主要作用对第 2、3、6、7、9 项和总分具有显著影响。随着成熟度的增加，弹震式技术性能提高。性别的主要作用对第 1 和第 9 项具有显著影响，男性表现优于女性。
女性运动员在跳跃着地时表现出比男性更大的膝外翻和疲劳。总体而言，随着成熟度的提高，跳跃着地性能呈改善趋势。
