Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Bavaria, Germany.
Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Oct 30;20(21):5411. doi: 10.3390/ijms20215411.
Plants have evolved strategies to tightly regulate metabolism during acclimation to a changing environment. Low temperature significantly constrains distribution, growth and yield of many temperate plant species. Exposing plants to low but non-freezing temperature induces a multigenic processes termed cold acclimation, which eventually results in an increased freezing tolerance. Cold acclimation comprises reprogramming of the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome and affects communication and signaling between subcellular organelles. Carbohydrates play a central role in this metabolic reprogramming. This review summarizes current knowledge about the role of carbohydrate metabolism in plant cold acclimation with a focus on subcellular metabolic reprogramming, its thermodynamic constraints under low temperature and mathematical modelling of metabolism.
植物在适应不断变化的环境时，进化出了严格调控代谢的策略。低温显著限制了许多温带植物物种的分布、生长和产量。将植物暴露在低温但不会结冰的温度下会诱导一种多基因过程，称为低温驯化，最终导致植物的抗冻能力增强。低温驯化包括转录组、蛋白质组和代谢组的重新编程，并影响亚细胞器之间的通讯和信号转导。碳水化合物在这种代谢重编程中起着核心作用。本文综述了碳水化合物代谢在植物低温驯化中的作用的最新知识，重点介绍了亚细胞代谢重编程、低温下的热力学限制以及代谢的数学建模。
