Effect of Metabolite Extract of subsp. on 3D7 in Vitro.

BACKGROUND

Malaria eradication has been complicated by the repeated emergence of antimalarial drug resistances. We aimed to determine whether a metabolite extract of subsp. could decrease the viability of 3D7 in vitro.

METHODS

subsp. isolates were inoculated and fermented on the ISP4 medium. The fermented was mixed with ethylacetate 1:5 (v/v), and the solvent phase was evaporated. Several concentrations of isolated extract was added to the 3D7 culture containing trophozoite and schizont stages in 24 wells plates when the degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes reached 5%, then incubated for 8 hours. DNA parasite density was measured using flow cytometry, parasite degree and morphology were observed under microscopic by Giemsa-stained smears.

RESULTS

The metabolite extract affected the morphology of almost all of parasite asexual stages. Schizonts and trophozoites failed to grow and appeared damaged with pycnotic cores and loss of cytoplasmic content. At 8 hours there was a significant decrease in DNA parasite density in culture exposed to 2.6 mg/ml and 13 mg/ml ( = 0.002; = 0.024) of the extract. The degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes was decreased from the beginning of exposure (0.02 mg/ml of the extract). There was a significant inverse correlation between the concentration of extract and the degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes as well as the density of DNA parasite (r = -0.772, = 0.000; r =-0.753; =0.000).

CONCLUSION

Metabolite extract of subsp. causes morphological damage, decreases the degree of parasite-infected erythrocytes and the DNA density of 3D7 in vitro.