Ashtiani Farshid, Aflatouni Firooz
Opt Express. 2019 Sep 16;27(19):27183-27190. doi: 10.1364/OE.27.027183.
Two-dimensional (2-D) integrated optical phased arrays (OPA) have many applications from optical imaging to LiDAR. Conventionally, 2-D beam-steering in an N × N OPA requires N phase shifters placed within the phased array aperture, resulting in a high per-element power consumption while limiting the minimum achievable element-to-element spacing. In this paper, we report an OPA architecture, where for 2-D beam-steering in an N × N OPA, only 2N phase shifters outside of the array aperture are used, which significantly reduces the total OPA power consumption and eliminates electrical routing within the aperture. As a proof of concept, an 8 × 8 OPA is implemented that uses 16 phase shifters to perform 2-D beam-steering without tuning the wavelength. Using the aperture size of 77 µm × 77 µm for the implemented OPA transmitter, far-field beam-steering over a range of about 7° is demonstrated.
二维（2-D）集成光学相控阵（OPA）在从光学成像到激光雷达等诸多领域都有应用。传统上，在N×N的OPA中进行二维光束转向需要在相控阵孔径内放置N个移相器，这导致每个元件的功耗很高，同时限制了可实现的最小元件间距。在本文中，我们报道了一种OPA架构，对于N×N的OPA中的二维光束转向，仅使用阵列孔径外部的2N个移相器，这显著降低了OPA的总功耗，并消除了孔径内的电气布线。作为概念验证，实现了一个8×8的OPA，它使用16个移相器在不调整波长的情况下进行二维光束转向。对于所实现的OPA发射器，使用77 µm×77 µm的孔径尺寸，展示了约7°范围内的远场光束转向。
