Laboratory of Neuroscience and Nutrition, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo/UNIFESP Campus Baixada Santista, 11060-001, Santos SP, Brazil.
Laboratory of Neuroscience and Nutrition, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo/UNIFESP Campus Baixada Santista, 11060-001, Santos SP, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Master in Health Sciences/UNIFESP Campus Baixada Santista, 11060-001, Santos, Brazil.
Physiol Behav. 2020 Jan 1;213:112722. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112722. Epub 2019 Oct 30.
High-fat diets (HFDs) during pregnancy may damage the neural development and emotional behavior of rat offspring. Therefore, we investigated the neurobehavioral development of rat offspring who were fed a control diet (CD) or an HFD with lard (HFD-lard) or canola oil (HFD-canola oil), during pregnancy. Offspring's neurodevelopment (somatic growth, physical maturation, and ontogenesis reflex) was assessed while they were suckling. The rat's levels of depression, anxiety, and aggression were assessed through forced swimming, elevation plus a maze or open field test, and a foot-shock test on postnatal days 60, 80, and 110, respectively. Maternal HFDs with lard or canola oil promoted rats' offspring during suckling. They had reduced body weight and growth, physical maturation delay (auditory conduit and eyes opening to both groups HFDs-lard and canola oil; ear unfolding and incisor eruption only HFD-lard) and an ontogenesis reflex (palm grasp/vibrissa placing to both groups HFDs-lard and canola oil, and free-fall righting only in HFD-lard). Negative geotaxis resulted in the faster development of the HFD-lard offspring. Furthermore, in adulthood, the HDFs-offspring were more likely to be overweight, have shorter swimming times in the swim test, greater susceptibility to anxiety with an increased time spent in the closed arm in the elevated plus-maze while spending less time in the open arm, and having a decreased number of crossings and rearing in the open field. On the other hand, aggressive-like behavior was not affected. Therefore, these findings indicate that maternal HFDs enriched with lard or canola oil during pregnancy can impair the neurodevelopment of rat offspring and can perhaps be associated with possible changes to the emotional behavior of adult offspring.
高脂肪饮食（HFDs）在怀孕期间可能会损害大鼠后代的神经发育和情绪行为。因此，我们研究了在怀孕期间给予对照饮食（CD）或猪油（HFD-猪油）或菜籽油（HFD-菜籽油）的 HFD 的大鼠后代的神经行为发育。在哺乳期评估后代的神经发育（体生长、身体成熟和发育反射）。通过强迫游泳、高架加迷宫或旷场试验以及在产后第 60、80 和 110 天的足底电击试验分别评估大鼠的抑郁、焦虑和攻击水平。母体 HFD 用猪油或菜籽油促进了哺乳期大鼠的后代。它们的体重和生长减轻，身体成熟延迟（听觉导管和两组 HFD-猪油和菜籽油的眼睛张开；仅 HFD-猪油的耳展开和切牙萌出）和发育反射（手掌抓握/触须放置在两组 HFD-猪油和菜籽油中，仅在 HFD-猪油中自由落体翻身）。负向趋地性导致 HFD-猪油后代更快的发育。此外，在成年期，HDFs 后代更容易超重，游泳测试中游泳时间更短，在高架加迷宫中，在封闭臂中花费更多时间，而在开放臂中花费更少时间，更容易出现焦虑，在旷场中穿越和竖起的次数减少。另一方面，攻击样行为没有受到影响。因此，这些发现表明，母体 HFD 在怀孕期间富含猪油或菜籽油会损害大鼠后代的神经发育，并且可能与成年后代情绪行为的可能变化有关。
