Giriko Catherine Ássuka, Andreoli Carla Albuquerque, Mennitti Laís Vales, Hosoume Lilian Fazion, Souto Tayane Dos Santos, Silva Alexandre Valotta da, Mendes-da-Silva Cristiano
Department of Biosciences - Federal University of Sao Paulo/UNIFESP (Campus Baixada Santista), 11060-001 Santos, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Master in Health Sciences/UNIFESP (Campus Baixada Santista), 11060-001 Santos, Brazil.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2013 Dec;31(8):731-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.09.001. Epub 2013 Sep 23.
Early maternal exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) may influence the brain development of rat offspring and consequently affect physiology and behavior. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the somatic, physical, sensory-motor and neurobehavioral development of the offspring of dams fed an HFD (52% calories from fat, mainly saturated) and the offspring of dams fed a control diet (CD - 14.7% fat) during lactation from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day (P). Maternal body weights were evaluated during lactation. In the progeny, somatic (body weight, head and lengths axes) and physical (ear unfolding, auditory conduit opening, eruption of the incisors and eye opening) development and the consolidation of reflex responses (palm grasp, righting, vibrissa placing, cliff avoidance, negative geotaxis, auditory startle response and free-fall righting) were determined during suckling. Depressive and aggressive behaviors were tested with the forced swimming test (FST) and the "foot-shock" test on days 60 and 110, respectively. The open field test was used to assess motor function. Compared to controls, the HFD-pups exhibited decreases in body weight (P7-P21) and body length (P4-P18), but by days P71 and P95, these pups were overweight. All indicators of physical maturation and the consolidation of the following reflexes, vibrissa placing, auditory startle responses, free-fall righting and negative geotaxis, were delayed in HFD-progeny. In addition, the pups from HFD dam rats also exhibited reduced swimming and climbing times in the FST and increased aggressive behavior. No changes in locomotion were observed. These findings show developmental and neurobehavioral changes in the rat offspring of dams fed the HFD during lactation and suggest possible disruption of physical and sensory-motor maturation and increased susceptibility to depressive and aggressive-like behavior.
母体在早期接触高脂饮食（HFD）可能会影响大鼠后代的大脑发育，进而影响其生理和行为。因此，在本研究中，我们调查了在出生后第1天至第21天（P）的哺乳期，喂食HFD（脂肪提供52%的热量，主要为饱和脂肪）的母鼠后代以及喂食对照饮食（CD - 14.7%脂肪）的母鼠后代的躯体、身体、感觉运动和神经行为发育情况。在哺乳期评估母鼠体重。在子代中，在哺乳期间测定躯体（体重、头和体长轴）和身体（耳展开、听道开口、门齿萌出和睁眼）发育以及反射反应（手掌抓握、翻正、触须放置、悬崖回避、负趋地性、听觉惊吓反应和自由落体翻正）的巩固情况。分别在第60天和第110天用强迫游泳试验（FST）和“足部电击”试验测试抑郁和攻击行为。用旷场试验评估运动功能。与对照组相比，HFD幼崽在体重（P7 - P21）和体长（P4 - P18）方面有所下降，但在P71天和P95天时，这些幼崽超重。HFD后代的所有身体成熟指标以及以下反射的巩固情况，即触须放置、听觉惊吓反应、自由落体翻正和负趋地性，均延迟。此外，来自HFD母鼠的幼崽在FST中的游泳和攀爬时间也减少，攻击行为增加。未观察到运动方面的变化。这些发现表明，在哺乳期喂食HFD的母鼠后代出现了发育和神经行为变化，并提示可能存在身体和感觉运动成熟的破坏以及对抑郁和攻击样行为易感性的增加。
