二维纳米材料的湿法组装成轻质、微管形状和宏观 3D 网络。

Wet-Chemical Assembly of 2D Nanomaterials into Lightweight, Microtube-Shaped, and Macroscopic 3D Networks.

机构信息

Chair of Engineering Mechanics , Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg , Großenhainer Straße 57 , 01968 Senftenberg , Germany.

Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany.

出版信息

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019 Nov 27;11(47):44652-44663. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b16565. Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Abstract

Despite tremendous efforts toward fabrication of three-dimensional macrostructures of two-dimensional (2D) materials, the existing approaches still lack sufficient control over microscopic (morphology, porosity, pore size) and macroscopic (shape, size) properties of the resulting structures. In this work, a facile fabrication method for the wet-chemical assembly of carbon 2D nanomaterials into macroscopic networks of interconnected, hollow microtubes is introduced. As demonstrated for electrochemically exfoliated graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, the approach allows for the preparation of highly porous (> 99.9%) and lightweight (<2 mg cm) aeromaterials with tailored porosity and pore size as well as tailorable shape and size. The unique tubelike morphology with high aspect ratio enables ultralow-percolation-threshold graphene composites (0.03 S m, 0.05 vol%) which even outperform most of the carbon nanotube-based composites, as well as highly conductive aeronetworks (8 S m, 4 mg cm). On top of that, long-term compression cycling of the aeronetworks demonstrates remarkable mechanical stability over 10 000 cycles, even though no chemical cross-linking is employed. The developed strategy could pave the way for fabrication of various macrostructures of 2D nanomaterials with defined shape, size, as well as micro- and nanostructure, crucial for numerous applications such as batteries, supercapacitors, and filters.

摘要

尽管在制造二维(2D)材料的三维宏观结构方面付出了巨大努力,但现有的方法仍然缺乏对微观(形貌、孔隙率、孔径)和宏观(形状、尺寸)结构性能的充分控制。在这项工作中,引入了一种简便的湿化学组装方法,用于将碳二维纳米材料组装成相互连接的空心微管的宏观网络。如电化学剥离的石墨烯、氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯所示,该方法允许制备具有可定制的孔隙率和孔径以及可定制的形状和尺寸的高多孔(>99.9%)和轻质(<2mgcm)气凝胶。具有高纵横比的独特管状形态可实现超低渗流阈值的石墨烯复合材料(0.03Sm,0.05vol%),其性能甚至超过大多数基于碳纳米管的复合材料,以及高导电性的气凝胶网络(8Sm,4mgcm)。除此之外,气凝胶网络的长期压缩循环在 10000 次循环以上表现出显著的机械稳定性,尽管没有使用化学交联。所开发的策略为制造具有定义形状、尺寸以及微观和纳米结构的二维纳米材料的各种宏观结构铺平了道路,这对于电池、超级电容器和过滤器等众多应用至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cb53/7192525/6f3cd354e6f1/am9b16565_0002.jpg

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