Alshammari Basmah H, Lashin Maha M A, Mahmood Muhammad Adil, Al-Mubaddel Fahad S, Ilyas Nasir, Rahman Nasir, Sohail Mohammad, Khan Aurangzeb, Abdullaev Sherzod Shukhratovich, Khan Rajwali
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hail Hail 81451 Saudi Arabia.
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia.
RSC Adv. 2023 May 5;13(20):13735-13785. doi: 10.1039/d3ra01421e. eCollection 2023 May 2.
Nanomaterials and nanoparticles are a burgeoning field of research and a rapidly expanding technology sector in a wide variety of application domains. Nanomaterials have made exponential progress due to their numerous uses in a variety of fields, particularly the advancement of engineering technology. Nanoparticles are divided into various groups based on the size, shape, and structural morphology of their bodies. The 21st century's defining feature of nanoparticles is their application in the design and production of semiconductor devices made of metals, metal oxides, carbon allotropes, and chalcogenides. For the researchers, these materials then opened a new door to a variety of applications, including energy storage, catalysis, and biosensors, as well as devices for conversion and medicinal uses. For chemical and thermal applications, ZnO is one of the most stable n-type semiconducting materials available. It is utilised in a wide range of products, from luminous materials to batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells to biomedical photocatalysis sensors, and it may be found in a number of forms, including pellets, nanoparticles, bulk crystals, and thin films. The distinctive physiochemical characteristics of semiconducting metal oxides are particularly responsible for this. ZnO nanostructures differ depending on the synthesis conditions, growth method, growth process, and substrate type. A number of distinct growth strategies for ZnO nanostructures, including chemical, physical, and biological methods, have been recorded. These nanostructures may be synthesized very simply at very low temperatures. This review focuses on and summarizes recent achievements in fabricating semiconductor devices based on nanostructured materials as 2D materials as well as rapidly developing hybrid structures. Apart from this, challenges and promising prospects in this research field are also discussed.
纳米材料和纳米颗粒是一个新兴的研究领域，也是一个在广泛应用领域中迅速发展的技术部门。由于纳米材料在各种领域有众多用途，特别是工程技术的进步，它们取得了指数级的进展。纳米颗粒根据其主体的大小、形状和结构形态分为不同的类别。纳米颗粒在21世纪的一个决定性特征是它们在由金属、金属氧化物、碳同素异形体和硫族化物制成的半导体器件的设计和生产中的应用。对研究人员来说，这些材料随后为各种应用打开了一扇新的大门，包括能量存储、催化和生物传感器，以及用于转换和药用的器件。对于化学和热应用，氧化锌是可用的最稳定的n型半导体材料之一。它被用于广泛的产品中，从发光材料到电池、超级电容器、太阳能电池再到生物医学光催化传感器，并且它可以以多种形式存在，包括颗粒、纳米颗粒、块状晶体和薄膜。半导体金属氧化物独特的物理化学特性对此尤其重要。氧化锌纳米结构因合成条件、生长方法、生长过程和衬底类型而异。已经记录了许多用于氧化锌纳米结构的不同生长策略，包括化学、物理和生物方法。这些纳米结构可以在非常低的温度下非常简单地合成。这篇综述重点关注并总结了基于纳米结构材料作为二维材料以及快速发展的混合结构制造半导体器件的最新成果。除此之外，还讨论了该研究领域的挑战和有前景的前景。
