Alkatan Hind M, Al-Essa Rakan S
Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University-Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2019 Jul-Sep;33(3):268-276. doi: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2019.09.002. Epub 2019 Sep 11.
The incidence of microbial keratitis (MK) is variable worldwide with an estimated 1.5-2 million cases of corneal ulcers in developing countries. The complications of MK can be severe and vision threatening. Therefore, proper diagnosis of the causative organism is essential for early successful treatment. Accurate sampling of microbiological specimens in MK is an important step in identifying the infective organism. Corneal scrapping, tear samples and corneal biopsy are examples of specimens obtained for the investigative procedures in MK. Ophthalmologists especially in an emergency room setting should be aware of the proper sampling techniques based on their microbiology-related basic information for each category of MK. This review article briefly describes the clinical presentation and defines in details the best updated diagnostic methods used in different types of MK. It can be used as a guide for ophthalmology trainees and general ophthalmologists who may be handling such cases at initial presentation.
微生物性角膜炎（MK）的发病率在全球范围内各不相同，在发展中国家估计有150万至200万例角膜溃疡病例。MK的并发症可能很严重，会威胁视力。因此，正确诊断病原体对于早期成功治疗至关重要。MK中微生物标本的准确采样是识别感染性生物体的重要步骤。角膜刮片、泪液样本和角膜活检是用于MK调查程序的标本示例。眼科医生，尤其是在急诊室环境中的眼科医生，应根据各类MK的微生物学相关基础信息，了解正确的采样技术。这篇综述文章简要描述了临床表现，并详细定义了不同类型MK中使用的最新最佳诊断方法。它可作为眼科实习生和可能在初次就诊时处理此类病例的普通眼科医生的指南。
