Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09100, Turkey.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Nov 4;16(21):4281. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214281.
This study investigates associations between characteristics of urban green spaces (UGSs) and adolescents' self-reported green exercise (GE), general health, and body mass index (BMI). Data were collected through face-to-face personal interviews with 384 adolescents ages 13-19 between 1 March and 31 May, 2018 in UGSs in Aydın, Turkey. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine associations controlling for confounding factors. Stratified analyses were also conducted to determine differences between boys and girls. Positive associations with the duration of GE included many trees, lawns, soccer fields and basketball courts, play equipment, and self-reported general health. Whereas increased BMI was associated with increased benches/ seating, lawns and exercise trails were positively associated with self-reported general health. Negative relationships with increased BMI included many trees, open areas, and outdoor fitness equipment. Increased distance from UGSs was negatively associated with the frequency of GE. In stratified analyses, positive associations between boys' duration of GE and self-reported general health were found. Whereas soccer fields and basketball courts were associated with girls' frequency of GE, exercise trails and play equipment were correlated with girls' self-reported general health. Negative associations with the boys' frequency of GE included increased BMI and screen time. Whereas increased distance from UGSs was negatively associated with girls' frequency of GE, many trees, lawns, exercise trails, play equipment, open areas, flowerbeds, and outdoor fitness equipment were negatively correlated with girls' increased BMI. Findings suggest that adolescents' GE and health could be promoted with many trees, lawns, flowerbeds, open areas, play and outdoor fitness equipment, exercise trails, and soccer fields and basketball courts. Findings of this study should be tested with longitudinal or intervention studies in future research.
本研究调查了城市绿地（UGS）的特征与青少年自我报告的绿色锻炼（GE）、总体健康和体重指数（BMI）之间的关联。数据是通过 2018 年 3 月 1 日至 5 月 31 日在土耳其艾登市 UGS 中对 384 名 13-19 岁青少年进行面对面个人访谈收集的。进行了多变量回归分析，以控制混杂因素来检验关联。还进行了分层分析，以确定男孩和女孩之间的差异。与 GE 持续时间呈正相关的因素包括许多树木、草坪、足球场和篮球场、游乐设备和自我报告的总体健康。而 BMI 的增加与增加的长凳/座位有关，草坪和锻炼步道与自我报告的总体健康呈正相关。与 BMI 增加呈负相关的因素包括许多树木、开阔区域和户外健身器材。与 UGS 距离的增加与 GE 的频率呈负相关。在分层分析中，发现男孩 GE 持续时间与自我报告的总体健康呈正相关。而足球场和篮球场与女孩的 GE 频率有关，锻炼步道和游乐设备与女孩的自我报告的总体健康有关。与男孩的 GE 频率呈负相关的因素包括 BMI 的增加和屏幕时间。而与女孩的 GE 频率呈负相关的是与 UGS 距离的增加，而树木、草坪、锻炼步道、游乐设备、开阔区域、花坛和户外健身器材与女孩的 BMI 增加呈负相关。研究结果表明，通过多种树木、草坪、花坛、开阔区域、游乐和户外健身器材、锻炼步道以及足球场和篮球场，可以促进青少年的 GE 和健康。未来的研究应通过纵向或干预研究来检验本研究的结果。
