Weinschenk C
Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie der Phillips-Universität, Marburg/Lahn.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1988 Aug;56(8):259-64. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1001790.
If after a brain injury reading and writing disturbances persist, the question is: primary agraphia or writing disorders due to dyslexia? If the anamnesis cannot answer this question, a decision is possible by means of four essential differences between writing disorders on the background of primary agraphia and those associated with dyslexia: 1. Agraphic persons correct their mistakes, dyslectics do not. 2. The word formations (paragraphias) due to primary agraphia do not bear close phonetical resemblances, whereas word formations by dyslectic persons are plainly phonetical. 3. Agraphics persevere, dyslectics do not. 4. In primary agraphia, the patient will also show difficulties in writing numbers; in a dyslectic disorder, he/she will not.
如果脑损伤后读写障碍持续存在，问题在于：原发性失写症还是诵读困难所致的书写障碍？如果病史无法回答这个问题，可以通过原发性失写症背景下的书写障碍与诵读困难相关的书写障碍之间的四个本质区别来做出判断：1. 失写症患者会纠正自己的错误，诵读困难者则不会。2. 原发性失写症导致的构词错误（错写症）与语音没有密切相似性，而诵读困难者的构词错误明显与语音有关。3. 失写症患者会持续出现错误，诵读困难者则不会。4. 在原发性失写症中，患者在书写数字时也会有困难；而在诵读困难症中，患者不会出现这种情况。
