Department of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2020 Jul;46(7):1293-1308. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000787. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
The testing effect is 1 of several memory effects moderated by experimental design, such that the effect on free recall is larger in a mixed-list than pure-list design (Mulligan, Susser, & Smith, 2016). The current experiments assess hypotheses regarding why this pattern is found. Three extant accounts of design effects (Nguyen & McDaniel, 2015) are the item-order account, the retrieval-distinctiveness account, and the rehearsal-borrowing account. Three experiments contrasted these accounts, finding support for rehearsal borrowing but no evidence for the rehearsal-distinctiveness or item-order accounts. In addition, each experiment found that the testing effect was larger in the mixed-list than pure-list condition, attesting to the replicability of the design-moderation pattern for the testing effect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
测试效应是受实验设计调节的几种记忆效应之一，例如，在混合列表设计中，自由回忆的效果比纯列表设计更大（Mulligan、Susser 和 Smith，2016）。当前的实验评估了关于为什么会出现这种模式的假设。关于设计效果的三个现有解释（Nguyen 和 McDaniel，2015）是项目顺序解释、检索独特性解释和复述借用解释。三项实验对这些解释进行了对比，发现复述借用解释得到了支持，而没有证据支持检索独特性或项目顺序解释。此外，每项实验都发现，在混合列表中，测试效应大于纯列表条件，证明了测试效应的设计调节模式具有可重复性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
