Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Konarskiego str. 2, 08-110, Siedlce, Poland.
Second Department of Gynecological Oncology, St. John's of Dukla Cancer Center of Lublin, Jaczewskiego str. 7, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
J Ovarian Res. 2019 Nov 7;12(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s13048-019-0582-5.
Young girls before menarche or menstruating adolescent women may experience long-term drug-resistant chronic pelvic pain, as well as other symptoms associated with pelvic mass. In such cases, it is of great importance to consider ovarian endometrioma in the differential diagnosis. In general, endometrioma is recognized as an ovarian cyst. However, in most cases, the pathology represents pseudocyst with a partial or complete endometrial-like lining with extraovarian adhesions and endometriotic implants which are likely to occur at the sites of ovarian adhesions and at the ceiling of the ovarian fossa. Ovarian endometriomas occur in 17-44% patients with endometriosis and account for 35% of all benign ovarian cysts. The time span from the onset of menarche to the time of endometrioma formation, which requires surgical intervention, has been evaluated to be a minimum of 4 years. The pathogenesis of early-life endometrioma may be different from other types of endometriosis. Diagnosis is often delayed, especially in adolescents, who tend to wait too long before seeking professional help. The three specific aims of treatment in adolescents with endometriosis and endometriomas are control of symptoms, prevention of further progression of the disease as well as preservation of fertility. Increasing evidence demonstrates association between ovarian endometriosis and ovarian cancer. In the present mini-review, we draw the particular attention of clinicians to such a possibility, even if relatively infrequently reported.
青春期前或月经初潮的少女可能会经历长期药物抵抗性慢性盆腔疼痛，以及与盆腔肿块相关的其他症状。在这种情况下，在鉴别诊断中考虑卵巢子宫内膜异位症囊肿是非常重要的。一般来说，子宫内膜异位症囊肿被认为是一种卵巢囊肿。然而，在大多数情况下，病理表现为假性囊肿，具有部分或完整的子宫内膜样内衬，伴有卵巢外粘连和子宫内膜异位种植，这些可能发生在卵巢粘连部位和卵巢窝顶。卵巢子宫内膜异位症囊肿在 17-44%的子宫内膜异位症患者中发生，占所有良性卵巢囊肿的 35%。从初潮到需要手术干预的子宫内膜异位症囊肿形成的时间跨度已被评估至少为 4 年。儿童期子宫内膜异位症囊肿的发病机制可能与其他类型的子宫内膜异位症不同。诊断往往被延迟，尤其是在青少年中，她们往往会等待很长时间才寻求专业帮助。青少年子宫内膜异位症和子宫内膜异位症囊肿的治疗的三个具体目标是控制症状、防止疾病进一步进展和保护生育能力。越来越多的证据表明卵巢子宫内膜异位症与卵巢癌之间存在关联。在本迷你综述中，我们提请临床医生注意这种可能性，即使这种可能性相对较少报道。
