Alkindi Salam, Al-Umairi Nada, Jaju Sanjay, Pathare Anil
Department of Haematology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman.
Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2019 Nov 1;11(1):e2019058. doi: 10.4084/MJHID.2019.058. eCollection 2019.
In Oman, the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) infection is 5.8%, with 2.8-7.1% HBV carriers. Hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence among Omanis is 0.41%. A total of 2917 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were notified among Omanis by 2017. This study was performed as there was no data on the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients from Oman.
In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, medical records of all SCD patients who attended our hospital between 2011 to 2017 were retrieved from the hospital information system. Following approval by the local medical research and ethics committee, data on HIV, HBV, and HCV exposure were recorded to estimate the prevalence.
Among a total of 1000 SCD patients (491 males and 509 females), twenty-three (2.3%) patients showed positive serology for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg), of whom sixteen (1.6%) were HBV DNA positive. 126 (12.6%) had anti-HCV antibodies (anti-HCV), of whom fifty-two (5.2%) were HCV RNA positive. None of the patients had positive serology for HIV. A normal liver was observed on abdominal ultrasound in 788 (78.8%) patients, whereas 208 (20.8%) had hepatomegaly, and 4 (0.4%) had liver cirrhosis. Thirty-six (3.6%) patients died, but in only two patients, the mortality was due to cirrhosis of liver.
This study provides the first comprehensive data on the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among Omani SCD patients exposed to blood transfusions. Reassuringly, no case with HIV was observed.
在阿曼，乙型肝炎（HBV）感染率为5.8%，HBV携带者占2.8 - 7.1%。阿曼人丙型肝炎（HCV）感染率为0.41%。截至2017年，阿曼人中共报告了2917例人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染病例。由于缺乏阿曼镰状细胞病（SCD）患者中HIV、HBV和HCV感染率的数据，故开展本研究。
在这项回顾性横断面研究中，从医院信息系统检索了2011年至2017年期间在我院就诊的所有SCD患者的病历。经当地医学研究与伦理委员会批准后，记录HIV、HBV和HCV暴露数据以估算感染率。
在总共1000例SCD患者（491例男性和509例女性）中，23例（2.3%）患者乙肝表面抗原（HbsAg）血清学检测呈阳性，其中16例（1.6%）HBV DNA呈阳性。126例（12.6%）有抗丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV），其中52例（5.2%）HCV RNA呈阳性。所有患者HIV血清学检测均为阴性。788例（78.8%）患者腹部超声显示肝脏正常，208例（20.8%）有肝肿大，4例（0.4%）有肝硬化。36例（3.6%）患者死亡，但只有2例患者的死亡原因是肝硬化。
本研究提供了首批关于接受输血的阿曼SCD患者中HBV和HCV感染率的综合数据。令人欣慰的是，未观察到HIV感染病例。
