State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Mar;242:125227. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125227. Epub 2019 Oct 31.
It is crucial to explore the source, formation process and interdependence of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) to reduce their risk on public health. In this investigation, a source water was chlorinated to evaluate the initial formation rates and the maximum yields of trichloromethane (TCM), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA), and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) based on a hyperbola model. The results showed that TCM achieved the highest initial formation rate and maximum theoretical concentration compared with DCAA and TCAA. The TCM yield can be used to forecast the yields of DCAA and TCAA throughout the whole reaction process, and the yields of chloral hydrate (CH), dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) and 1,1,1-trichloropropanone (1,1,1-TCP) within the initial reaction stage. Besides, the raw water, settled water and filtered water collected from a drinking water treatment plant were divided into five fractions, respectively, by ultrafiltration membranes to evaluate their DBP formation after chlorination. Compared with the medium molecular weight species, high and low molecular weight organic matters exhibited relatively high specific regulated and unregulated DBP yields (expressed as μg/mg C), respectively. Humic acid-like compositions predominantly contributed to regulated DBP yields, while soluble microbial by-product-like compounds preferentially generated DCAN. The correlation study revealed that the TCM could also serve as an indicator for the measured DBPs from chlorination of sample fractions with different molecular weight. Finally, it was found that the theoretical cytotoxicity was enhanced during chlorination of filtered water compared with chlorination of settled water.
探索消毒副产物（DBPs）的来源、形成过程和相互依存关系对于降低其对公众健康的风险至关重要。在本研究中，对水源水进行氯化处理，以基于双曲线模型评估三氯甲烷（TCM）、二氯乙酸（DCAA）和三氯乙酸（TCAA）的初始生成速率和最大生成量。结果表明，与 DCAA 和 TCAA 相比，TCM 具有最高的初始生成速率和最大理论浓度。TCM 的产率可用于预测整个反应过程中 DCAA 和 TCAA 的产率，以及初始反应阶段氯仿（CH）、二氯乙腈（DCAN）和 1,1,1-三氯丙烷（1,1,1-TCP）的产率。此外，将取自饮用水处理厂的原水、沉淀水和过滤水分别用超滤膜分为五个部分，评估其氯化后的 DBP 生成情况。与中等分子量物质相比，高和低分子量有机物的特定调节和非调节 DBPs 生成率（表示为μg/mg C）相对较高。类腐殖质组成物质主要贡献于调节 DBPs 的生成，而可溶性微生物副产物类化合物则优先生成 DCAN。相关性研究表明，TCM 也可以作为不同分子量样品部分氯化后测量 DBPs 的指示物。最后发现，与沉淀水相比，过滤水的氯化过程中理论细胞毒性增强。
