Splavski Bruno, Rotim Krešimir, Boop Frederick A, Gienapp Andrew J, Arnautović Kenan I
Department of Neurosurgery, Sisters of Mercy University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; Osijek University School of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; Osijek University School of Dental Medicine and Health, Osijek, Croatia.
Department of Neurosurgery, Sisters of Mercy University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; Osijek University School of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia.
World Neurosurg. 2020 Feb;134:233-239. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.187. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
Ambroise Paré was celebrated surgeon of the 16th century whose practical accomplishments, books, and ideas transformed surgery and was a precursor for the later development of neurosurgery. He developed many surgical innovations related to wound management, arterial ligation for the prevention of hemorrhage during limb amputations, and the treatment of war-related head and spine injuries. He maintained that a surgeon should operate gently to reduce pain and improve outcome, and he dedicated his career to the wounded, sick, and poor. He also served 4 consecutive French monarchs-Henri II and his 3 sons François II, Charles IX, and Henri III. As a Huguenot (a Reformed Protestant) by faith, he lived in an environment dominated by Catholicism. Hence, his practice and life were sometimes hindered by political circumstances and religious prejudice. In this historical vignette, we will discuss the professional accomplishments of Ambroise Paré that influenced the future development of neurosurgery, including his descriptions of phantom-limb pain and peripheral nerve injury, his innovations in neurotraumatology, and the saws he invented for use in skull surgery. We will also highlight Paré's broad neurosurgical contributions to the field. Finally, we will discuss his personal life during the difficult and dangerous political circumstances of 16th century France.
安布鲁瓦兹·帕雷是16世纪著名的外科医生，他的实践成就、著作和思想改变了外科手术，是神经外科后来发展的先驱。他开发了许多与伤口处理、肢体截肢时预防出血的动脉结扎以及战争相关的头部和脊柱损伤治疗有关的外科创新技术。他坚持认为外科医生应该轻柔操作以减轻疼痛并改善治疗效果，并且他将自己的职业生涯奉献给了伤员、病人和穷人。他还连续为四位法国君主服务——亨利二世及其三个儿子弗朗索瓦二世、查理九世和亨利三世。作为一名胡格诺派（改革宗新教徒），他生活在一个天主教占主导的环境中。因此，他的行医和生活有时会受到政治环境和宗教偏见的阻碍。在这个历史小插曲中，我们将讨论安布鲁瓦兹·帕雷对神经外科未来发展产生影响的专业成就，包括他对幻肢痛和周围神经损伤的描述、他在神经创伤学方面的创新以及他发明的用于颅骨手术的锯子。我们还将强调帕雷对该领域广泛的神经外科贡献。最后，我们将讨论他在16世纪法国艰难危险的政治环境中的个人生活。
