Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany.
Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Appetite. 2020 Mar 1;146:104512. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104512. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
Orthorexia nervosa is characterized by a preoccupation to eat healthily. However, reliability and validity of some of the existing measures of orthorexic symptomatology are questionable. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine internal reliability of and intercorrelations between four of the most popular self-report scales for measuring orthorexia nervosa: Bratman's Orthorexia Test (BOT), the ORTO-15, the Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ), and the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (DOS). Five-hundred and eleven adults (63% female) completed all four instruments. Model fit of the originally proposed factor structures of the BOT, DOS, and EHQ was good but was unacceptable for the ORTO-15. Similarly, internal reliability was good for the BOT, EHQ, and DOS, but was unacceptable for the ORTO-15. The BOT, EHQ, and DOS were highly correlated with each other while correlations with the ORTO-15 were of medium size. A subsequent exploratory item analysis suggested that the poor psychometric properties of the ORTO-15 are largely due to the originally proposed scoring procedure. In conclusion, the BOT, EHQ, and DOS are internally reliable instruments that seem to measure the same construct-orthorexic eating behavior. In line with previous suggestions, we conclude that the ORTO-15 cannot be recommended for the measurement of orthorexia nervosa, at least not when the originally proposed scoring procedure is used.
神经性食欲失调症的特点是过分关注健康饮食。然而，一些现有的神经性食欲失调症症状测量方法的可靠性和有效性是值得怀疑的。因此，本研究的目的是检验四种最常用的自我报告神经性食欲失调症测量量表的内部信度和相关性：Bratman 的神经性食欲失调症测试（BOT）、ORTO-15、饮食行为问卷（EHQ）和杜塞尔多夫神经性食欲失调症量表（DOS）。511 名成年人（63%为女性）完成了所有四项测试。BOT、DOS 和 EHQ 的原始提出的因子结构的模型拟合良好，但 ORTO-15 的拟合不可接受。同样，BOT、EHQ 和 DOS 的内部信度良好，但 ORTO-15 的信度不可接受。BOT、EHQ 和 DOS 彼此高度相关，而与 ORTO-15 的相关性为中等大小。随后的探索性项目分析表明，ORTO-15 的不良心理测量特性主要归因于最初提出的评分程序。总之，BOT、EHQ 和 DOS 是内部信度良好的工具，似乎可以测量相同的结构——神经性进食行为。根据之前的建议，我们得出结论，至少在使用最初提出的评分程序时，不能推荐 ORTO-15 来测量神经性食欲失调症。
