Queiroz A P, Favetti B M, Hayashida R, Grande M L M, Neiva M M, Panizzi A R, Bueno A F
Univ Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil.
Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), Londrina,, Paraná, Brasil.
Neotrop Entomol. 2019 Dec;48(6):974-982. doi: 10.1007/s13744-019-00724-2. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
This study investigates the influence of parasitoid age and egg age of the hosts Euschistus heros (Fabricius) and Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) on parasitism of Telenomus podisi Ashmead. Six separate bioassays were conducted: parasitism on eggs of E. heros (bioassay 1) and D. melacanthus (bioassay 2) by T. podisi females of different age (1, 5, and 10 days old); parasitism by T. podisi on eggs of different age (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days of embryonic development) of the hosts E. heros (bioassay 3) and D. melacanthus (bioassay 4); preference of T. podisi females for eggs at different embryonic developmental stages (eggs of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days) of the hosts E. heros (bioassay 5) and D. melacanthus (bioassay 6). The age of T. podisi females and their hosts affected parasitism on both E. heros and D. melacanthus eggs. Overall, the parasitism rate was higher in older than younger parasitoids, independent of the tested host species, and host eggs between 1 and 3 days old were similarly parasitized. Thus, in T. podisi mass rearing facilities, it is recommended to use older adults (5 to 10 days old) as mother wasps to increase parasitism on the offered eggs. In addition, when hosts are completely absent in the field, or climatic conditions are unfavorable for release, mass-reared adults can be kept in the laboratory (25°C) for up to 10 days for later release in the field without any impairment of their subsequent parasitism performance.
本研究调查了拟澳洲赤眼蜂（Telenomus podisi Ashmead）的寄生蜂年龄以及寄主英雄蝽（Euschistus heros (Fabricius)）和黑角二星蝽（Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas)）的卵龄对拟澳洲赤眼蜂寄生的影响。进行了六项独立的生物测定：不同年龄（1日龄、5日龄和10日龄）的拟澳洲赤眼蜂雌蜂对英雄蝽卵（生物测定1）和黑角二星蝽卵（生物测定2）的寄生；拟澳洲赤眼蜂对寄主英雄蝽（生物测定3）和黑角二星蝽（生物测定4）不同卵龄（胚胎发育1、2、3、4和5天）的卵的寄生；拟澳洲赤眼蜂雌蜂对寄主英雄蝽（生物测定5）和黑角二星蝽（生物测定6）不同胚胎发育阶段（1、2、3、4和5天的卵）的卵的偏好。拟澳洲赤眼蜂雌蜂及其寄主的年龄影响了对英雄蝽和黑角二星蝽卵的寄生。总体而言，无论所测试的寄主种类如何，年龄较大的寄生蜂的寄生率高于年龄较小的寄生蜂，且1至3日龄的寄主卵被寄生的情况相似。因此，在拟澳洲赤眼蜂大量饲养设施中，建议使用年龄较大的成虫（5至10日龄）作为母蜂，以提高对所提供卵的寄生率。此外，当田间完全没有寄主，或气候条件不利于释放时，大量饲养的成虫可在实验室（25°C）中保存长达10天，以便日后在田间释放，而不会对其随后的寄生性能造成任何损害。
