Chaves Valeria Freitas, Pereira Fabricio Fagundes, Torres Jorge Braz, da Silva Ivana Fernandes, Pastori Patrik Luiz, de Oliveira Harley Nonato, Costa Valmir Antônio, Cardoso Carlos Reinier Garcia
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil.
Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil.
Insects. 2021 Oct 9;12(10):924. doi: 10.3390/insects12100924.
Temperature is one of the abiotic factors that strongly influences the biology and behavior of insects. In this study, we assessed the development of egg parasitoids and parasitizing eggs at different temperatures, and estimated the average number of generations for seven representative soybean-producing regions in Brazil. A comparative biology study was conducted, where the percentage of parasitism and emergence, life cycle duration (egg-adult), and longevity were found to be similar between and . The sex ratio and the number of individuals emerged from parasitized egg were higher in in all regions. In the study of thermal requirements, temperatures of 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, and 33 °C were tested. and developed at temperatures between 16 and 31 °C. The base temperature (Tb) for and was 9.3 and 6.7 °C, respectively; the thermal constant (K) was 336.9 and 272.7 degree-days, respectively. The estimated average number of annual generations of both parasitoids was higher than the host. and have the same ability to parasitize and develop in eggs of under the conditions studied. Both parasitoids exhibited satisfactory development and parasitism at temperatures between 19 and 31 °C. The development of both parasitoids was faster than their host, and the number of generations was higher for the seven studied localities.
温度是强烈影响昆虫生物学特性和行为的非生物因素之一。在本研究中，我们评估了卵寄生蜂在不同温度下的发育情况以及对卵的寄生情况，并估算了巴西七个代表性大豆产区的平均世代数。开展了一项比较生物学研究，结果发现寄生率、羽化率、生命周期时长（卵至成虫）和寿命在[具体条件1]和[具体条件2]之间相似。在所有地区，[具体条件1]下的性别比以及从被寄生卵中羽化出的个体数量更高。在热需求研究中，测试了16、19、22、25、28、31和33℃的温度。[两种寄生蜂名称1]和[两种寄生蜂名称2]在16至31℃的温度下发育。[两种寄生蜂名称1]和[两种寄生蜂名称2]的基础温度（Tb）分别为9.3℃和6.7℃；热常数（K）分别为336.9度日和272.7度日。两种寄生蜂估计的年平均世代数均高于宿主。在研究条件下，[两种寄生蜂名称1]和[两种寄生蜂名称2]在[宿主名称]卵中的寄生和发育能力相同。在19至31℃的温度下，两种寄生蜂均表现出良好的发育和寄生情况。两种寄生蜂的发育速度均快于其宿主，在所研究的七个地点，其世代数更多。
