Hoback William Wyatt, Ramos Gabryele, Hayashida Rafael, Santos Daniel Mariano, Alvarez Daniel de Lima, Oliveira Regiane Cristina de
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Crop Protection Department, School of Agronomic Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCA/UNESP), Botucatu 18610034, SP, Brazil.
Insects. 2024 Mar 14;15(3):192. doi: 10.3390/insects15030192.
An augmentative biological control program using the egg parasitoid Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) is a promising tool for the management of the brown stink bug, (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in soybeans. The are released as adults or pupae within lab-reared eggs. Because of the small size of the parasitoid and potentially limited dispersal ability, determining the optimal release pattern is critical for biological control of the target pest. This study used sentinel heros eggs to investigate dispersal within soybean crops during two distinct phenological stages: the beginning of flowering (Vn-R1) and the grain-filling phase (R5-R6). Data were analyzed using semi-variograms and kriging maps. The results indicate significant differences in parasitism rates between the two plant growth stages and among different matrices. The maximum dispersal range for was calculated at 39.0 m in the Vn-R1 stage with a maximum parasitism rate of 42%, while in the R5-R6 stage, the maximum dispersal range was calculated to be 30.9 m with a maximum parasitism of 73%. Therefore, it is recommended that release points for be spaced no further than 30 m apart. These results provide valuable insights for future research and applications in biological control strategies, including adjustment of the logistics and release technique depending upon the crop phenological stage.
利用卵寄生蜂阿什米德（膜翅目：扁股小蜂科）的强化生物防治计划是管理大豆中褐臭蝽（法布里修斯）（半翅目：蝽科）的一种有前景的工具。寄生蜂以成虫或蛹的形式在实验室饲养的寄主卵内释放。由于寄生蜂体型小且潜在扩散能力有限，确定最佳释放模式对于目标害虫的生物防治至关重要。本研究使用哨兵英雄卵，在两个不同物候阶段研究了寄生蜂在大豆作物中的扩散情况：开花初期（Vn-R1）和灌浆期（R5-R6）。使用半变异函数图和克里金地图分析数据。结果表明，两个植物生长阶段之间以及不同基质之间的寄生率存在显著差异。在Vn-R1阶段，寄生蜂的最大扩散范围计算为39.0米，最大寄生率为42%，而在R5-R6阶段，最大扩散范围计算为30.9米，最大寄生率为73%。因此，建议寄生蜂的释放点间距不超过30米。这些结果为生物防治策略的未来研究和应用提供了有价值的见解，包括根据作物物候阶段调整物流和释放技术。
