Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI; Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center, Providence, RI; Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI.
Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI; Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center, Providence, RI; Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI.
Sleep Health. 2019 Dec;5(6):532-538. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.08.003. Epub 2019 Nov 8.
Suboptimal sleep has been documented in at-risk groups such as urban minority children, particularly those with asthma. It is therefore critical to examine differences in sleep outcomes across specific racial and ethnic groups and to identify factors that contribute to such variations in sleep outcomes to inform tailored interventions to improve sleep health.
The objectives were to examine racial/ethnic differences in sleep outcomes among urban children with and without asthma and to evaluate the extent to which asthma status and aspects of sleep hygiene and the sleep environment contribute to racial/ethnic differences in sleep outcomes in this sample.
Two hundred and sixteen African American, Latino, or non-Latino white (NLW) urban children, ages 7-9 years, with (n = 216) and without asthma (n = 130) and their primary caregivers were included. Objective sleep duration and efficiency were assessed via actigraphy. Asthma status was assessed by a study clinician. Caregiver-reported sleep hygiene and exposure to noise were assessed using a questionnaire.
Minority children in the sample had, on average, shorter sleep duration compared to NLW children during the monitoring period (mean difference Latino vs NLW = -22.10, SE = 5.02; mean difference AA vs NLW = -18.69, SE = 5.28) Additionally, several racial/ethnic group differences in sleep outcomes emerged and were dependent on whether or not children had asthma. Specifically, Latinos had lower mean number of awakenings compared to NLWs but only among control participants with no asthma. Furthermore, specific aspects of sleep hygiene and exposure to nighttime noise in the home and neighborhood contributed to racial/ethnic differences in sleep outcomes.
Considering urban stressors and asthma status when treating pediatric populations is important, as factors related to urban stress and asthma management may influence sleep hygiene practices and sleep outcomes.
在城市少数民族儿童等高危人群中，已经有研究记录到睡眠质量不佳的情况，尤其是患有哮喘的儿童。因此，必须检查特定种族和族裔群体之间的睡眠结果差异，并确定导致睡眠结果差异的因素，以便为改善睡眠健康提供针对性的干预措施。
本研究旨在检查患有和未患有哮喘的城市儿童的睡眠结果中的种族/民族差异，并评估哮喘状况以及睡眠卫生和睡眠环境的各个方面在多大程度上导致了该样本中睡眠结果的种族/民族差异。
本研究纳入了 216 名年龄在 7-9 岁的非裔美国儿童、拉丁裔儿童或非拉丁裔白种人（NLW）城市儿童，其中患有哮喘的儿童（n=216）和未患有哮喘的儿童（n=130）及其主要照顾者。通过活动记录仪评估客观睡眠时长和效率。由研究临床医生评估哮喘状况。使用问卷评估照顾者报告的睡眠卫生和噪音暴露情况。
在监测期间，与 NLW 儿童相比，少数族裔儿童的平均睡眠时间更短（拉丁裔与 NLW 相比的平均差异= -22.10，SE=5.02；非裔与 NLW 相比的平均差异= -18.69，SE=5.28）。此外，睡眠结果也出现了一些种族/民族差异，并且这些差异取决于儿童是否患有哮喘。具体来说，与 NLW 相比，拉丁裔的平均觉醒次数较少，但仅在患有哮喘的对照组参与者中如此。此外，睡眠卫生的具体方面以及家中和邻里夜间噪音暴露情况会导致睡眠结果的种族/民族差异。
在治疗儿科人群时，考虑城市应激源和哮喘状况很重要，因为与城市应激和哮喘管理相关的因素可能会影响睡眠卫生实践和睡眠结果。
