Ye Yuqing, Liu Hailan, Zhang Feng, Hu Fang
Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metaboilc Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2019 Nov 6;16:74. doi: 10.1186/s12986-019-0404-1. eCollection 2019.
Brown and beige adipocytes are mainly responsible for nonshivering thermogenesis or heat production, despite the fact that they have distinguished features in distribution, developmental origin, and functional activation. As a nutrient sensor and critical regulator of energy metabolism, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) also plays an important role in the development and functional maintenance of adipocytes. While the recent studies support the notion that mTOR (mTORC1 and mTORC2) related signaling pathways are of great significance for thermogenesis and the development of brown and beige adipocytes, the exact roles of mTOR in heat production are controversial. The similarities and disparities in terms of thermogenesis might be ascribed to the use of different animal models and experimental systems, distinct features of brown and beige adipocytes, and the complexity of regulatory networks of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in energy metabolism.
棕色脂肪细胞和米色脂肪细胞主要负责非寒战性产热或热量产生，尽管它们在分布、发育起源和功能激活方面具有显著特征。作为一种营养传感器和能量代谢的关键调节因子，雷帕霉素的机制性靶点（mTOR）在脂肪细胞的发育和功能维持中也起着重要作用。虽然最近的研究支持mTOR（mTORC1和mTORC2）相关信号通路对产热以及棕色和米色脂肪细胞的发育具有重要意义这一观点，但mTOR在热量产生的确切作用仍存在争议。在产热方面的异同可能归因于使用了不同的动物模型和实验系统、棕色和米色脂肪细胞的独特特征，以及mTORC1和mTORC2在能量代谢中的调控网络的复杂性。
