1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria Australia.
2Perinatal Department, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria Australia.
Int Breastfeed J. 2019 Nov 4;14:46. doi: 10.1186/s13006-019-0238-5. eCollection 2019.
We aimed to investigate the association of breastfeeding on postpartum glucose levels and lipid profiles in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and women without GDM.
We performed a secondary analysis of a cohort study of 243 women, 159 women with GDM and 84 normally glucose tolerant women between 2012 and 2017. At approximately 6-10 weeks postpartum, we measured fasting blood glucose and plasma lipid levels. Breastfeeding behaviour was self-defined as exclusive breastfeeding or not exclusive breastfeeding.
The mean (SD) glucose in the group of women who breastfed exclusively was 4.6 (0.49) mmol/L, compared to 4.9 (0.58) mmol/L (95% CI 0.45, 0.15, < 0.001) among women who did not exclusively breastfeed. Among women with GDM, the reduction in fasting glucose in women who were breastfeeding was 0.22 mmol/L (95% CI 0.39, 0.05, = 0.004), and in women who were not GDM, the reduction was 0.14 mmol/L (95% CI 0.37, 0.09, = 0.24,). After adjustment for GDM status in pregnancy, maternal body mass index (BMI), maternal age and ethnicity, and exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a decreased fasting glucose of 0.19 (95% CI 0.318, 0.061, = 0.004). After similar adjustment, there was no significant difference in triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between women who were breastfeeding and women who were not breastfeeding.
Breastfeeding is associated with a reduction in fasting glucose levels postpartum, but not maternal lipid profile. Breastfeeding may play a role in reducing glucose intolerance in women who have had GDM.
本研究旨在探讨母乳喂养与产后血糖和血脂谱的关系，包括患有妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）和无 GDM 的女性。
我们对 2012 年至 2017 年间的 243 名女性进行了一项队列研究的二次分析，其中 159 名女性患有 GDM，84 名女性血糖正常。产后约 6-10 周时，我们测量了空腹血糖和血浆脂质水平。母乳喂养行为自我定义为纯母乳喂养或非纯母乳喂养。
纯母乳喂养组的平均（SD）血糖为 4.6（0.49）mmol/L，而非纯母乳喂养组的血糖为 4.9（0.58）mmol/L（95%CI 0.45，0.15， < 0.001）。在患有 GDM 的女性中，母乳喂养的女性空腹血糖降低了 0.22mmol/L（95%CI 0.39，0.05， = 0.004），而在不患有 GDM 的女性中，空腹血糖降低了 0.14mmol/L（95%CI 0.37，0.09， = 0.24）。在校正了妊娠时的 GDM 状态、母亲的体重指数（BMI）、母亲年龄和种族以及纯母乳喂养后，空腹血糖降低了 0.19mmol/L（95%CI 0.318，0.061， = 0.004）。经过类似的调整后，母乳喂养组和非母乳喂养组的甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇没有显著差异。
母乳喂养与产后空腹血糖水平降低有关，但与母亲的血脂谱无关。母乳喂养可能在降低患有 GDM 的女性的葡萄糖耐量异常方面发挥作用。
