Institute of Biotechnology, University of Opole, ul. kard. B. Kominka 6, 45-032, Opole, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Dec;26(35):35945-35956. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06581-1. Epub 2019 Nov 10.
The aim of the research was to assess the possibility to use deciduous tree bark in the biomonitoring of urban areas. The tree bark taken from various deciduous tree species growing in the Opole Province (south-western Poland) was used for the research. The bark was collected from tree trunks in the period of June 2-26, 2017. Concentrations of the heavy metals were determined in the barks by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). On the basis of the research, it was determined that type of tree, distance from pollution source, elevation off the ground and the side of trunk from which bark was sampled all influence the research results. A comparison of the values of coefficient of variation CV demonstrated that the bark Quercus robur and Betula pendula is more heterogeneous, e.g. for Fe CV is 48.0 % and CV = 42.3 %, compared to Fagus sylvatica (CV = 22.6%). In order to limit the influence of environmental factors (e.g. air movement caused by vehicles and pedestrians) on the samples pollution level with analytes, it seems that the optimum level for collecting the samples is 1.5-2.0 m. It was demonstrated that deciduous tree bark can be used as bioindicator in assessing the pollution of atmospheric aerosol by heavy metals, due to its occurrence in urban areas. However, it is important to validate all stages of the analysis procedure that uses deciduous tree bark.
本研究旨在评估利用落叶树树皮进行城市生物监测的可能性。研究使用了 2017 年 6 月 2 日至 26 日期间从波兰西南部奥波莱省（Opolskie Voivodeship）不同落叶树种树干上采集的树皮。采用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）测定树皮中的重金属浓度。研究结果表明，树种、距污染源的距离、离地高度以及采样树干的侧面均会影响研究结果。变异系数（CV）值的比较表明，Quercus robur 和 Betula pendula 的树皮比 Fagus sylvatica 的树皮更不均匀，例如，Fe 的 CV 为 48.0%，CV = 42.3%，而 Fagus sylvatica 的 CV 为 22.6%。为了限制环境因素（例如车辆和行人引起的空气流动）对样品中分析物污染水平的影响，采集样品的最佳高度似乎为 1.5-2.0 米。研究表明，由于落叶树在城市中的存在，落叶树树皮可作为评估大气气溶胶重金属污染的生物指示剂。然而，使用落叶树树皮的分析程序的所有阶段都需要进行验证。
