Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12844, Praha 2, Czech Republic.
Nat Commun. 2019 Nov 13;10(1):5142. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13164-8.
The evolutionary and environmental factors that shape fungal biogeography are incompletely understood. Here, we assemble a large dataset consisting of previously generated mycobiome data linked to specific geographical locations across the world. We use this dataset to describe the distribution of fungal taxa and to look for correlations with different environmental factors such as climate, soil and vegetation variables. Our meta-study identifies climate as an important driver of different aspects of fungal biogeography, including the global distribution of common fungi as well as the composition and diversity of fungal communities. In our analysis, fungal diversity is concentrated at high latitudes, in contrast with the opposite pattern previously shown for plants and other organisms. Mycorrhizal fungi appear to have narrower climatic tolerances than pathogenic fungi. We speculate that climate change could affect ecosystem functioning because of the narrow climatic tolerances of key fungal taxa.
真菌生物地理学的形成受到进化和环境因素的影响，但目前我们对此还了解得不够充分。在这里，我们整合了一个大型数据集，其中包含了之前生成的与世界各地特定地理位置相关联的微生物组数据。我们使用这个数据集来描述真菌类群的分布，并寻找与不同环境因素（如气候、土壤和植被变量）之间的相关性。我们的综合研究表明，气候是真菌生物地理学不同方面的重要驱动因素，包括常见真菌的全球分布以及真菌群落的组成和多样性。在我们的分析中，真菌多样性集中在高纬度地区，这与之前在植物和其他生物中观察到的相反模式形成对比。菌根真菌的气候耐受范围似乎比病原真菌更窄。我们推测，由于关键真菌类群的气候耐受范围较窄，气候变化可能会影响生态系统的功能。
