Xu Hengkang, Shi Yuchuan, Wang Siyi, Chen Chao, Pang Zhuo, Zhang Guofang, Zhang Weiwei, Kan Haiming
Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, No. 9 Shuguang Garden Middle Road Haidian District, China.
College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Curr Res Microb Sci. 2025 Aug 14;9:100459. doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100459. eCollection 2025.
The response of snow microbial communities to environmental variations represents a critical topic in ecological research, particularly given that winter snowfall constitutes the main form of precipitation in northern China. In this study, snow samples were collected from city and suburb areas within the same region across seven provinces in northern China. The physical and chemical properties, metal ion content, and microbial community diversity and network stability were analyzed. Results indicated that the concentrations of Cu²⁺ and Na⁺ in city snow were significantly higher than those in suburb snow. While no significant differences were observed in the richness and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities between city and suburb areas, microbial network stability was higher in suburb samples. Latitude significantly influenced bacterial richness and Shannon diversity in city areas but not in suburb areas; however, fungal Shannon diversity in suburb snow showed a significant correlation with latitude. Mental analyses revealed that NO₃⁻ and chemical oxygen demand (COD) exerted distinct effects on bacterial communities in city and suburb areas, while TN, TC, and COD influenced fungal communities. Environmental factors were found to have significant impacts on microbial community structure, with geographical distance playing a key role in shaping snow microbial community composition. These findings highlight the influence of geographical location and environmental conditions on microbial diversity and community composition, offering valuable insights into the ecological impacts of urbanization and environmental changes on snow microbiomes.
雪微生物群落对环境变化的响应是生态学研究中的一个关键课题，尤其是考虑到冬季降雪是中国北方降水的主要形式。在本研究中，从中国北方七个省份同一区域的城市和郊区采集了雪样。分析了其理化性质、金属离子含量以及微生物群落多样性和网络稳定性。结果表明，城市雪中Cu²⁺和Na⁺的浓度显著高于郊区雪。虽然城市和郊区细菌和真菌群落的丰富度和多样性没有显著差异，但郊区样本中的微生物网络稳定性更高。纬度显著影响城市地区细菌的丰富度和香农多样性，而对郊区地区则无显著影响；然而，郊区雪中真菌的香农多样性与纬度呈显著相关。相关性分析表明，NO₃⁻和化学需氧量（COD）对城市和郊区地区的细菌群落有不同影响，而总氮（TN）、总碳（TC）和COD影响真菌群落。发现环境因素对微生物群落结构有显著影响，地理距离在塑造雪微生物群落组成中起关键作用。这些发现突出了地理位置和环境条件对微生物多样性和群落组成的影响，为城市化和环境变化对雪微生物群落的生态影响提供了有价值的见解。
