Raj Arun, Ramakrishnan Devraj, Thomas Carmel Regeela Mainu Thekkeveettil, Mavila Amrita Das, Rajiv Midhun, Suseela Rakesh Purushothama Bhat
Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2019 Oct;44(Suppl 1):S23-S26. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_25_19.
Nosocomial transmission of airborne infections, such as H1N1, drug-resistant tuberculosis, and Nipah virus disease, has been reported recently and has been linked to the limited airborne infection control strategies. The objective of the current study was to assess the health facilities for airborne infection control (AIC) practices and adherence to the National AIC (NAIC) guidelines, 2010.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 25 public and 25 private hospitals selected from five randomly selected districts in the state of Kerala. A checklist with 62 components was developed based on the NAIC guidelines. Frequencies, percentages, and mean with standard deviation were used to summarize facility risk assessment and compliance to guidelines.
Most of the facilities had infection control committees 35 (70%). Annual infection control trainings were held for staff in 21 (42%) facilities. Twenty (40%) facilities were not familiar with NAIC guidelines. Counseling on cough etiquette at registration was practiced in 5 (10%) institutions. Cross ventilation was present in outpatient departments in 27 (54%) institutions. Sputum was disposed properly in 43 (86%) institutions. N95 masks were available in high-risk settings in 7 (14%) health facilities.
There exist deficiencies in adherence to all components of NAIC guidelines including administrative, environmental, and use of personal protective equipment in both government and private hospitals in the state.
近期有报道称，甲型H1N1流感、耐药结核病和尼帕病毒病等空气传播感染在医院内传播，这与有限的空气传播感染控制策略有关。本研究的目的是评估医疗机构的空气传播感染控制（AIC）措施以及对2010年国家空气传播感染控制（NAIC）指南的遵守情况。
在喀拉拉邦随机选取的五个区中的25家公立医院和25家私立医院进行了一项横断面研究。根据NAIC指南制定了一份包含62项内容的清单。使用频率、百分比以及均值和标准差来总结设施风险评估和对指南的遵守情况。
大多数机构设有感染控制委员会，共35家（70%）。21家（42%）机构为工作人员举办了年度感染控制培训。20家（40%）机构不熟悉NAIC指南。5家（10%）机构在挂号处提供咳嗽礼仪咨询。27家（54%）机构的门诊部有交叉通风。43家（86%）机构正确处理痰液。7家（14%）医疗机构在高风险环境中备有N95口罩。
该邦的政府和私立医院在遵守NAIC指南的所有方面，包括行政、环境和个人防护设备的使用等方面均存在不足。
