Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioprocesos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Nov 14;35(12):186. doi: 10.1007/s11274-019-2764-0.
The pollution of aquatic environments by drugs is a problem for which scarce research has been conducted in regards of their removal. Amycolatopsis sp. Poz 14 presents the ability to biotransformation naphthalene at high efficiency, therefore, in this work this bacterium was proposed as an assimilator of naproxen and carbamazepine. Growth curves at different concentrations of naproxen and carbamazepine showed that Amycolatopsis sp. Poz 14 is able to utilize these drugs at a concentration of 50 mg L as a source of carbon and energy. At higher concentrations, the bacterial growth was inhibited. The transformation kinetics of naproxen showed the total elimination of the compound in 18 days, but carbamazepine was only eliminated in 19.9%. The supplementation with cometabolites such as yeast extract and naphthalene (structure similar to naproxen) at 50 mg L, showed that the yeast extract shortened the naproxen elimination to 6 days and reached a higher global consumption rate compared to the naphthalene cometabolite. The biotransformation of carbamazepine was not improved by the addition of cometabolites. The partial sequencing of the genome of Amycolatopsis sp. Poz 14 detected genes encoding putative enzymes for the degradation of cyclic aromatic compounds and the activities of aromatic monooxygenase, catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase exhibited their involving in the naproxen biodegradation. The HPLC-MS analysis detected the 5-methoxysalicylic acid at the end of the biotransformation kinetics. This work demonstrates that Amycolatopsis sp. Poz 14 utilizes naproxen and transforms it to 5-methoxysalicylic acid which is the initial compound for the catechol and gentisic acid metabolic pathway.
水体中药物污染的去除问题研究较少。节杆菌（Amycolatopsis sp.）Poz 14 具有高效萘生物转化能力，因此，本研究拟将其作为萘普生和卡马西平的同化菌。不同浓度萘普生和卡马西平的生长曲线表明，节杆菌（Amycolatopsis sp.）Poz 14 能够以 50mg/L 的浓度利用这些药物作为碳源和能源。在较高浓度下，细菌生长受到抑制。萘普生的转化动力学表明，该化合物在 18 天内完全消除，但卡马西平仅消除了 19.9%。在 50mg/L 的酵母提取物和萘（与萘普生结构相似）等共代谢物的补充下，酵母提取物将萘普生的消除时间缩短至 6 天，并达到了比萘共代谢物更高的全局消耗率。共代谢物的添加并未改善卡马西平的生物转化。节杆菌（Amycolatopsis sp.）Poz 14 基因组的部分测序检测到编码降解环状芳香化合物的假定酶的基因，以及芳香单加氧酶、儿茶酚 1,2-双加氧酶和龙胆酸 1,2-双加氧酶的活性，表明它们参与了萘普生的生物降解。HPLC-MS 分析在生物转化动力学结束时检测到 5-甲氧基水杨酸。本研究表明，节杆菌（Amycolatopsis sp.）Poz 14 利用萘普生并将其转化为 5-甲氧基水杨酸，这是儿茶酚和龙胆酸代谢途径的初始化合物。
