美国成年人中的哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、牙齿缺失和无牙症：2016 年行为风险因素监测系统调查。
Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tooth loss, and edentulism among adults in the United States: 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey.
出版信息
J Am Dent Assoc. 2020 Oct;151(10):735-744.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.07.032. Epub 2019 Nov 13.
BACKGROUND
Adults with chronic respiratory conditions, specifically asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may be at risk of experiencing poor oral health due to systemic inflammation, challenges in routine oral health care, and adverse effects of medications used to treat these conditions. The authors examined the association of asthma, COPD, and coexisting asthma and COPD (asthma-COPD overlap syndrome [ACOS]) with tooth loss among US adults.
METHODS
The authors conducted a cross-sectional study using 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (N = 387,217). The authors categorized the participants with missing permanent teeth into 4 groups: asthma only (n = 38,817), COPD only (n = 19,819), ACOS (n = 13,494), no asthma, no COPD (n = 315,087). The authors used adjusted multinomial logistic regressions to examine the associations between asthma and COPD categories and tooth loss.
RESULTS
According to the authors, 5.3% of study participants reported they were edentulous; 10.7% reported 6 or fewer missing teeth. Participants with asthma only, COPD only, and ACOS had higher odds of reporting tooth loss (6 or more teeth) than those in the no asthma, no COPD group; adjusted odds ratios were 1.12 (95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.26) to 2.04 (95% confidence interval, 1.85 to 2.26). A lower percentage of participants with COPD and ACOS visited dentists in the past year than those with no asthma and no COPD. Interactive associations suggested participants with asthma or COPD with dental visits were less likely to report edentulism than those with neither asthma nor COPD and no dental visits.
CONCLUSIONS
Participants with asthma or COPD had higher odds of tooth loss compared with those with neither asthma nor COPD.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
People with asthma or COPD should maintain routine dental visits to reduce the risk of experiencing tooth loss.
背景
患有慢性呼吸系统疾病（特别是哮喘或慢性阻塞性肺疾病 [COPD]）的成年人可能由于全身炎症、常规口腔保健方面的挑战以及治疗这些疾病的药物的不良反应而面临口腔健康不良的风险。作者研究了美国成年人中哮喘、COPD 以及哮喘和 COPD 共存（哮喘-COPD 重叠综合征 [ACOS]）与牙齿缺失之间的关系。
方法
作者使用 2016 年行为风险因素监测系统数据进行了一项横断面研究（N=387217）。作者将缺失恒牙的参与者分为 4 组：仅哮喘（n=38817）、仅 COPD（n=19819）、ACOS（n=13494）、无哮喘、无 COPD（n=315087）。作者使用调整后的多项逻辑回归来检查哮喘和 COPD 类别与牙齿缺失之间的关联。
结果
根据作者的说法，研究参与者中有 5.3%报告他们无牙；10.7%报告缺失 6 颗或更少牙齿。仅患有哮喘、仅患有 COPD 和 ACOS 的参与者报告牙齿缺失（6 颗或更多牙齿）的几率高于无哮喘、无 COPD 组；调整后的优势比为 1.12（95%置信区间，1.00 至 1.26）至 2.04（95%置信区间，1.85 至 2.26）。患有 COPD 和 ACOS 的参与者中过去一年看牙医的比例低于无哮喘和无 COPD 的参与者。交互关联表明，与既无哮喘也无 COPD 且未看牙医的参与者相比，看牙医的哮喘或 COPD 患者报告无牙的可能性较小。
结论
患有哮喘或 COPD 的参与者牙齿缺失的几率高于既无哮喘也无 COPD 的参与者。
实践意义
患有哮喘或 COPD 的人应保持定期看牙医，以降低牙齿缺失的风险。
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